Tractatenblad 2024, 125

67 (1979) Nr. 27

A. TITEL

Radioreglement 1979 (met bijlagen);

Genève, 6 december 1979

Voor een overzicht van de verdragsgegevens, zie verdragsnummers 000829 en 014088 in de Verdragenbank.

B. TEKST

Het Radioreglement is gedeeltelijk herzien tijdens de Mondiale Radio Communicatie Conferentie (WRC-23) die werd gehouden te Dubai van 20 november tot en met 15 december 2023. De Engelse tekst¹⁾ ²⁾ van de Slotakten luidt als volgt:

Partial revision of the Radio Regulations

Preamble

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Sharm el-Sheikh, 2019) resolved, by Resolution 811 (WRC-19), to recommend to the ITU Council that a World Radiocommunication Conference be held in 2023 for a period of four weeks.

At its 2020 session, the Council established the Conference agenda in accordance with its Resolution 1399 (C20) and by its Decision 623 (C21) at its 2021 session, the Council decided that the Conference be convened in the United Arab Emirates from 20 November to 15 December 2023. The host country informed the Council at its 2023 session that Dubai would be the venue for the Conference. The agenda, dates, and place were approved by the required majority of the Member States of the Union.

The World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) met in Dubai for the stipulated period and worked on the basis of the agenda approved by the Council. It adopted a revision of the Radio Regulations and Appendices thereto, as contained in these Final Acts.

In accordance with its agenda, the Conference also took other decisions that it considered necessary or appropriate, including the review and revision of existing Resolutions and Recommendations and the adoption of various new Resolutions as contained in these Final Acts.

The majority of the provisions revised by WRC-23, as contained in the revision of the Radio Regulations referred to in this Preamble, shall enter into force as from 1 January 2025; the remaining provisions shall apply as from the dates indicated in the Resolutions listed in Article 59 of the revised Radio Regulations.

The delegates signing the revision of the Radio Regulations contained in these Final Acts, which is subject to approval by their competent authorities, declare that, should a Member State of the Union make reservations concerning the application of one or more of the provisions of the revised Radio Regulations, no other Member State shall be obliged to observe that provision or those provisions in its relations with that particular Member State.

Articles

Article 1 Terms and definitions

Section I – General terms

MOD

1.14 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC): Time scale, based on the second (SI), as described in Resolution 655 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

Article 5 Frequency allocations

Section IV – Table of Frequency Allocations

(See No. 2.1)

MOD

5.56 The stations of services to which the frequency bands 14-19.95 kHz and 20.05-70 kHz and in Region 1 also the frequency bands 72-84 kHz and 86-90 kHz are allocated may transmit standard frequency and time signals. Such stations shall be afforded protection from harmful interference. In Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the frequencies 25 kHz and 50 kHz will be used for this purpose under the same conditions. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.58 Additional allocation: in Armenia, Azerbaijan, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the frequency band 67-70 kHz is also allocated to the radionavigation service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

495-1 800 kHz

ADD

5.82D When establishing coast stations in the NAVDAT system on the frequencies 500 kHz and 4 226 kHz, the conditions for the use of the frequencies 500 kHz and 4 226 kHz are prescribed in Articles 31 and 52. Administrations are strongly recommended to coordinate the NAVDAT systems operating characteristics in accordance with the procedures of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (see Resolution 364 (WRC-23)). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.98  Alternative allocation: in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Cameroon, Congo (Rep. of the), Denmark, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Greece, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Lithuania, the Syrian Arab Republic, Türkiye, Kyrgyzstan, Somalia, Tajikistan, Tunisia and Turkmenistan, the frequency band 1 810-1 830 kHz is allocated to the fixed and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.99 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Austria, Egypt, Iraq, Libya, Uzbekistan, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Chad, and Togo, the frequency band 1 810-1 830 kHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.110 The frequencies 2 174.5 kHz, 4 177.5 kHz, 6 268 kHz, 8 376.5 kHz, 12 520 kHz and 16 695 kHz are used for the automatic connection system (ACS), as described in the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.541. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.117 Alternative allocation: in Liberia, Sri Lanka and Togo, the frequency band 3 155-3 200 kHz is allocated to the fixed and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

3 230-5 003 kHz

MOD

5.132 The frequencies 4 210 kHz, 6 314 kHz, 8 416.5 kHz, 12 579 kHz, 16 806.5 kHz, 19 680.5 kHz, 22 376 kHz and 26 100.5 kHz are the international frequencies for the transmission of maritime safety information (MSI) (see Appendices 15 and 17). (WRC-23)

MOD

5 003-7 000 kHz

ADD

5.137A The frequencies 6 337.5 kHz, 8 443 kHz, 12 663.5 kHz, 16 909.5 kHz and 22 450.5 kHz are the regional frequencies for the transmission of maritime safety information (MSI) by means of the NAVDAT system (see Appendices 15 and 17). (WRC-23)

MOD

7 450-13 360 kHz

MOD

7 450-13 360 kHz

MOD

13 360-18 030 kHz

MOD

18 030-23 350 kHz

MOD

5.155 Additional allocation: in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Ukraine, the frequency band 21 850-21 870 kHz is also allocated to the aeronautical mobile (R) service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.155A In Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Ukraine, the use of the frequency band 21 850-21 870 kHz by the fixed service is limited to provision of services related to aircraft flight safety. (WRC-23)

MOD

27.5-40.98 MHz

ADD

5.159A The use of the frequency band 40-50 MHz by the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) shall be in accordance with the geographical area restrictions and the operational and technical conditions defined in Resolution 677 (WRC-23). The provisions of this footnote in no way diminish the obligation of the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) to operate as a secondary service in accordance with Nos. 5.29 and 5.30. (WRC-23)

MOD

40.98-47 MHz

MOD

5.162A Additional allocation: in Germany, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, China, Vatican, Korea (Rep. of), Denmark, Spain, Estonia, the Russian Federation, Finland, France, Indonesia, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, the Czech Rep., the United Kingdom, Serbia, Slovenia, Sweden and Switzerland, the frequency band 46-68 MHz is also allocated to the radiolocation service on a secondary basis. This use is limited to the operation of wind profiler radars in accordance with Resolution 217 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

47-75.2 MHz

MOD

5.175 Alternative allocation: in Armenia, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Ukraine, the frequency bands 68-73 MHz and 76-87.5 MHz are allocated to the broadcasting service on a primary basis. In Latvia and Lithuania, the frequency bands 68-73 MHz and 76-87.5 MHz are allocated to the broadcasting and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services on a primary basis. In Mongolia, the frequency band 76-87.5 MHz is allocated to the broadcasting service on a primary basis; the stations of the broadcasting service shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, existing or planned fixed and mobile stations in the neighbouring countries. The services to which these frequency bands are allocated in other countries and the broadcasting service in the countries listed above are subject to agreements with the neighbouring countries concerned. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.177  Additional allocation: in Armenia, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Ukraine, the frequency band 73-74 MHz is also allocated to the broadcasting service on a primary basis, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. (WRC-23)

MOD

75.2-137.175 MHz

MOD

5.185 Different category of service: in the United States, the French overseas departments and communities in Region 2 and Guyana, the allocation of the frequency band 76-88 MHz to the fixed and mobile services is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.197A Additional allocation: the frequency band 108-117.975 MHz is also allocated on a primary basis to the aeronautical mobile (R) service, limited to systems operating in accordance with recognized international aeronautical standards. Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 413 (Rev.WRC-23). The use of the frequency band 108-112 MHz by the aeronautical mobile (R) service shall be limited to systems composed of ground-based transmitters and associated receivers that provide navigational information in support of air navigation functions in accordance with recognized international aeronautical standards. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.198A The use of the frequency band 117.975-137 MHz by the aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service is subject to coordination under No. 9.11A. No. 9.16 does not apply. Such use shall be limited to non-geostationary-satellite systems operated in accordance with international aeronautical standards. Resolution 406 (WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.198B The use of the frequency band 117.975-137 MHz by the aeronautical mobile (R) service shall have priority over use by the aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.200 In the frequency band 117.975-137 MHz, the frequency 121.5 MHz is the aeronautical emergency frequency and, where required, the frequency 123.1 MHz is the aeronautical frequency auxiliary to 121.5 MHz. Mobile stations of the maritime mobile service may communicate on these frequencies under the conditions laid down in Article 31 for distress and safety purposes with stations of the aeronautical mobile service and the aeronautical mobile-satellite service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.201 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Egypt, Estonia, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq (Republic of), Japan, Kazakhstan, Mali, Mongolia, Mozambique, Uzbekistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Qatar, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Senegal, Somalia, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the frequency band 132-136 MHz is also allocated to the aeronautical mobile (OR) service on a primary basis. In assigning frequencies to stations of the aeronautical mobile (OR) service, the administration shall take account of the frequencies assigned to stations in the aeronautical mobile (R) service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.202 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Jordan, Mali, Oman, Uzbekistan, Poland, the Syrian Arab Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Senegal, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the frequency band 136-137 MHz is also allocated to the aeronautical mobile (OR) service on a primary basis. In assigning frequencies to stations of the aeronautical mobile (OR) service, the administration shall take account of the frequencies assigned to stations in the aeronautical mobile (R) service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.210  Additional allocation: in Italy and the United Kingdom, the frequency bands 138-143.6 MHz and 143.65-144 MHz are also allocated to the space research service (space-to-Earth) on a secondary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.221 Stations of the mobile-satellite service in the frequency band 148-149.9 MHz shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, stations of the fixed or mobile services operating in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations in the following countries: Albania, Algeria, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Cameroon, China, Cyprus, Congo (Rep. of the), Korea (Rep. of), Côte d’Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Denmark, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Eritrea, Spain, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, the Russian Federation, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Ireland, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Norway, New Zealand, Oman, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Türkiye, Kyrgyzstan, Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Slovakia, Romania, the United Kingdom, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, Somalia, Sudan, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Ukraine, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia and Zimbabwe. (WRC-23)

MOD

161.9375-223 MHz

MOD

5.228C The use of the frequency bands 161.9625-161.9875 MHz and 162.0125-162.0375 MHz by the maritime mobile service and the mobile-satellite (Earth-to-space) service is limited to the automatic identification system (AIS), including AIS search and rescue transmitters (AIS-SART) and satellite emergency position indicating radio beacons with AIS (EPIRB-AIS). The use of these frequency bands by the aeronautical mobile (OR) service is limited to AIS emissions from search and rescue aircraft operations. The AIS, AIS-SART and EPIRB-AIS operations in these frequency bands shall not constrain the development and use of the fixed and mobile services operating in the adjacent frequency bands. (WRC-23)

SUP

5.229

MOD

5.264B Non-geostationary-satellite systems in the meteorological-satellite service and the Earth exploration-satellite service for which complete notification information has been received by the Radiocommunication Bureau no later than 28 April 2007 are exempt from provisions of No. 5.264A and may continue to operate in the frequency band 401.898-402.522 MHz on a primary basis without exceeding a maximum e.i.r.p. level of 12 dBW. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.269 Different category of service: in Australia, Brazil, the United States, India, Japan and the United Kingdom, the allocation of the frequency bands 420-430 MHz and 440-450 MHz to the radiolocation service is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33). (WRC-23)

MOD

460-890 MHz

MOD

5.291A Additional allocation: in Germany, Austria, Denmark, Estonia, Liechtenstein, Serbia and Switzerland, the frequency band 470-494 MHz is also allocated to the radiolocation service on a secondary basis. This use is limited to the operation of wind profiler radars in accordance with Resolution 217 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.293 Different category of service: in Canada, Chile, Cuba, the United States, Guyana and Panama, the allocation of the frequency bands 470-512 MHz and 614-806 MHz to the fixed service is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33), subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. In the Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Chile, Cuba, the United States, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico and Panama, the allocation of the frequency bands 470-512 MHz and 614-698 MHz to the mobile service is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33), subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. In Argentina and Ecuador, the allocation of the frequency band 470-512 MHz to the fixed and mobile services is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33), subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.294 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Israel, Libya, Palestine¹⁾, the Syrian Arab Republic, Chad and Yemen, the frequency band 470-582 MHz is also allocated to the fixed service on a secondary basis. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.295A Additional allocation: in Albania, Germany, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Vatican, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, Uzbekistan, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Türkiye, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Romania, the United Kingdom, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine, the frequency band 470-694 MHz is allocated to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a secondary basis, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. For the protection of the broadcasting service, stations in the mobile service shall not create a field strength for more than 1% of the time at the highest of the clutter height or 10 m above ground level at the border of the territory of any other administration that exceeds the field strength value as calculated using § 4.1.3.2 of Annex 2 to the GE06 Agreement with regard to allowance for multiple interference, Table A.1.10 and the methodology given in the GE06 Agreement. These limits may be exceeded on the territory of any country whose administration has so agreed. This allocation shall in no way adversely affect the broadcast development or undermine new entries of the broadcasting service to the GE06 Plan. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.296 Additional allocation: in Albania, Algeria, Germany, Angola, Saudi Arabia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Vatican, Congo (Rep. of the), Côte d’Ivoire, Croatia, Denmark, Djibouti, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Spain, Estonia, Eswatini, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Hungary, Iraq, Ireland, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Morocco, Mauritius, Mauritania, Moldova, Monaco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Uganda, Palestine²⁾, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Türkiye, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Romania, the United Kingdom, Rwanda, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia, Sudan, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Tunisia, Ukraine, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 470-694 MHz is also allocated on a secondary basis to the land mobile service, intended for applications ancillary to broadcasting and programme-making. Stations of the land mobile service in the countries listed in this footnote shall not cause harmful interference to existing or planned stations operating in accordance with the Table in countries other than those listed in this footnote. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.296A In Micronesia, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Vanuatu, the frequency band 470-698 MHz, or portions thereof, and in Bangladesh, Lao P.D.R., Maldives, New Zealand and Viet Nam, the frequency band 610-698 MHz, or portions thereof, are identified for use by these administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) – see Resolution 224 (Rev.WRC-23). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. The mobile allocation in this frequency band shall not be used for IMT systems unless subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 and shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, the broadcasting service of neighbouring countries. Nos. 5.43 and 5.43A apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.300 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Cameroon, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Libya, Oman, Palestine³⁾, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic and Sudan, the frequency band 582-790 MHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services on a secondary basis. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.307A Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Palestine⁴⁾, Qatar and the Syrian Arab Republic, the frequency band 614-694 MHz is allocated to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a primary basis and identified for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) – see Resolution 224 (Rev.WRC-23) subject to the agreement obtained under No. 9.21. Stations in the mobile service shall not create a field strength for more than 1% of the time at the highest of the clutter height or 10 m above ground level at the border of the territory of any other administration that exceeds the field strength value as calculated using § 4.1.3.2 of Annex 2 to the GE06 Agreement with regard to allowance for multiple interference, Table A.1.10 and the methodology given in the GE06 Agreement. Stations in the mobile service of the countries listed in this footnote shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from the existing and future broadcasting stations of the neighbouring countries operating in accordance with the GE06 Plan. This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations and shall in no way adversely affect the development of the existing and future broadcasting service in accordance with the GE06 Agreement. For countries party to the GE06 Agreement, the use of stations in the mobile service is also subject to the successful application of the procedures of that Agreement. This allocation does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations and shall allow the implementation and development of the broadcasting service in accordance with the GE06 Agreement. The countries listed in this footnote and located in the African Broadcasting Area should ensure protection of the radio astronomy service within the frequency band 606-614 MHz, as allocated in No. 5.304, consistent with the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R RA.769. The countries listed in this footnote, which are neighbouring to the countries listed in No. 5.312, should ensure the protection of the aeronautical radionavigation service in the frequency band 645-862 MHz. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.307B Additional allocation: in Gambia, Mauritania, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, Tanzania and Chad, the frequency band 614-694 MHz is allocated to the mobile service on a secondary basis. For the protection of the broadcasting service, stations in the mobile service shall not create a field strength for more than 1% of the time at the highest of the clutter height or 10 m above ground level at the border of the territory of any other administration that exceeds the field strength value as calculated using § 4.1.3.2 of Annex 2 to the GE06 Agreement with regard to allowance for multiple interference, Table A.1.10 and the methodology given in the GE06 Agreement. This allocation shall in no way adversely affect the broadcast development or undermine new entries of the broadcasting service to the GE06 Plan. Additional measures shall be used by administrations implementing stations in the mobile services to protect stations in the broadcasting service of neighbouring administrations such as a distance limitation from the border of a neighbouring country. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.308 Different category of service: in Belize, Colombia, El Salvador and Guatemala, the frequency band 614-698 MHz is allocated to the mobile service on a primary basis. Stations of the mobile service within the frequency band are subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.308A In the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Colombia, El Salvador, the United States, Guatemala, Jamaica and Mexico, the frequency band 614-698 MHz, or portions thereof, is identified for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) – see Resolution 224 (Rev.WRC-23). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Mobile service stations of the IMT system within the frequency band are subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 and shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, the broadcasting service of neighbouring countries. Nos. 5.43 and 5.43A apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.312 Additional allocation: in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Ukraine, the frequency band 645-862 MHz, and in Bulgaria the frequency bands 726-753 MHz, 778-811 MHz and 822-852 MHz, are also allocated to the aeronautical radionavigation service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.312A In Region 1, the use of the frequency band 694-790 MHz by the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service is subject to the provisions of Resolution 760 (Rev.WRC-23). See also Resolution 224 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.312B The frequency band 698-960 MHz, or portions thereof, in Region 2, and the frequency band 694-960 MHz, or portions thereof, in Region 1, are identified for use by high-altitude platform stations as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (HIBS). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 213 (WRC-23) shall apply. HIBS shall not claim protection from existing primary services. No. 5.43A does not apply, see resolves 2 of Resolution 213 (WRC-23). Such use of HIBS in the frequency bands 694-728 MHz, 830-835 MHz and 805.3-806.9 MHz is limited to reception by HIBS. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.314A The frequency band 698-960 MHz, or portions thereof, in Australia, Maldives, Micronesia, Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Vanuatu, and the frequency bands 703-733 MHz, 758-788 MHz, 890-915 MHz and 935-960 MHz, or portions thereof, in China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea (Rep. of), Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand are identified for use by high-altitude platform stations as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (HIBS). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 213 (WRC-23) shall apply. HIBS shall not claim protection from existing primary services. No. 5.43A does not apply, see resolves 2 of Resolution 213 (WRC-23). Such use of HIBS in the frequency bands 698-728 MHz and 830-835 MHz is limited to reception by HIBS. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.316B In Region 1, the allocation to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service in the frequency band 790-862 MHz is subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with respect to the aeronautical radionavigation service in countries mentioned in No. 5.312. For countries party to the GE06 Agreement, the use of stations of the mobile service is also subject to the successful application of the procedures of that Agreement. Resolutions 224 (Rev.WRC-23) and 749 (Rev.WRC-23) shall apply, as appropriate. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.317A The parts of the frequency band 698-960 MHz in Region 2 and the frequency bands 694-790 MHz in Region 1 and 790-960 MHz in Regions 1 and 3 which are allocated to the mobile service on a primary basis are identified for use by administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) – see Resolutions 224 (Rev.WRC-23), 760 (Rev.WRC-23) and 749 (Rev.WRC-23), where applicable. This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.322 In Region 1, in the frequency band 862-960 MHz, stations of the broadcasting service shall be operated only in the African Broadcasting Area (see Nos. 5.10 to 5.13) excluding Algeria, Burundi, Djibouti, Egypt, Spain, Lesotho, Libya, Morocco, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Zambia, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. (WRC-23)

MOD

890-1 300 MHz

MOD

890-1 300 MHz

MOD

5.325A Different category of service: in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ecuador, the French overseas departments and communities in Region 2, Guatemala, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela, the frequency band 902-928 MHz is allocated to the land mobile service on a primary basis. In Mexico, the frequency band 902-928 MHz is allocated to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a primary basis. In Colombia, the frequency band 902-915 MHz is allocated to the land mobile service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.330 Additional allocation: in Angola, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cameroon, China, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine⁵⁾, the Philippines, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Chad, Togo and Yemen, the frequency band 1 215-1 300 MHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.331 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, China, Korea (Rep. of), Croatia, Denmark, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Estonia, the Russian Federation, Finland, France, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Montenegro, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine⁶⁾, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Türkiye, Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Slovakia, the United Kingdom, Serbia, Slovenia, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Venezuela and Viet Nam, the frequency band 1 215-1 300 MHz is also allocated to the radionavigation service on a primary basis. In Canada and the United States, the frequency band 1 240-1 300 MHz is also allocated to the radionavigation service, and use of the radionavigation service shall be limited to the aeronautical radionavigation service. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.332A Administrations authorizing operation of the amateur and amateur-satellite services in the frequency band 1 240-1 300 MHz, or portions thereof, shall ensure that the amateur and amateur-satellite services do not cause harmful interference to radionavigation-satellite service (space-to-Earth) receivers in accordance with No. 5.29 (see the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.2164). The authorizing administration, upon receipt of a report of harmful interference caused by a station of the amateur or amateur-satellite services, shall take all necessary steps to rapidly eliminate such interference. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.346 In Algeria, Angola, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo (Rep. of the), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Eswatini, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Lebanon, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Mauritius, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Uganda, Palestine⁷⁾, Qatar, Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 1 452-1 492 MHz is identified for use by administrations listed above wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) in accordance with Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-23). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any other application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. The use of this frequency band for the implementation of IMT is subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with respect to the aeronautical mobile service used for aeronautical telemetry in accordance with No. 5.342. See also Resolution 761 (Rev.WRC-19). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.349 Different category of service: in Saudi Arabia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cameroon, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Kuwait, Lebanon, North Macedonia, Morocco, Qatar, Syrian Arab Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Yemen, the allocation of the frequency band 1 525-1 530 MHz to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.351A For the use of the frequency bands 1 518-1 544 MHz, 1 545-1 559 MHz, 1 610-1 645.5 MHz, 1 646.5-1 660.5 MHz, 1 668-1 675 MHz, 1 980-2 010 MHz, 2 170-2 200 MHz, 2 483.5-2 520 MHz and 2 670-2 690 MHz by the mobile-satellite service, see Resolutions 212 (Rev.WRC-23) and 225 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.353A In applying the procedures of Section II of Article 9 to the mobile-satellite service in the frequency bands 1 530-1 544 MHz and 1 626.5-1 645.5 MHz, priority shall be given to accommodating the spectrum requirements for distress, urgency and safety communications of the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS). Maritime mobile-satellite distress, urgency and safety communications shall have priority access and immediate availability over all other mobile satellite communications operating within a network. Mobile-satellite systems shall not cause unacceptable interference to, or claim protection from, distress, urgency and safety communications of the GMDSS. Account shall be taken of the priority of safety-related communications in the other mobile-satellite services. The provisions of Resolution 222 (Rev.WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.357A In applying the procedures of Section II of Article 9 to the mobile-satellite service in the frequency bands 1 545-1 555 MHz and 1 646.5-1 656.5 MHz, priority shall be given to accommodating the spectrum requirements of the aeronautical mobile-satellite ® service providing transmission of messages with priority 1 to 6 in Article 44. Aeronautical mobile-satellite ® service communications with priority 1 to 6 in Article 44 shall have priority access and immediate availability, by pre-emption if necessary, over all other mobile-satellite communications operating within a network. Mobile-satellite systems shall not cause unacceptable interference to, or claim protection from, aeronautical mobile-satellite ® service communications with priority 1 to 6 in Article 44. Account shall be taken of the priority of safety-related communications in the other mobile-satellite services. The provisions of Resolution 222 (Rev.WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.359 Additional allocation: in Germany, Saudi Arabia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Cameroon, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Lithuania, Mauritania, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Poland, the Syrian Arab Republic, Kyrgyzstan, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Romania, Tajikistan, Tunisia and Turkmenistan, the frequency bands 1 550-1 559 MHz, 1 610-1 645.5 MHz and 1 646.5-1 660 MHz are also allocated to the fixed service on a primary basis. Administrations are urged to make all practicable efforts to avoid the implementation of new fixed-service stations in these frequency bands. (WRC-23)

MOD

1 610-1 660 MHz

MOD

5.368 The provisions of No. 4.10 do not apply with respect to the radiodetermination-satellite and mobile-satellite services in the frequency band 1 610-1 626.5 MHz. However, No. 4.10 applies in the frequency band 1 610-1 626.5 MHz with respect to the aeronautical radionavigation-satellite service when operating in accordance with No. 5.366, the aeronautical mobile-satellite ® service when operating in accordance with No. 5.367, and in the frequency bands 1 614.4225-1 618.725 MHz or 1 616.3-1 620.38 MHz (Earth-to-space) (see resolves 5 of Resolution 365 (WRC-23)) and 1 621.35-1 626.5 MHz with respect to the maritime mobile-satellite service when used for the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS). In applying the procedure of Section II of Article 9, the provisions of No. 4.10 do not apply for the frequency bands 1 614.4225-1 618.725 MHz or 1 616.3-1 620.38 MHz (Earth-to-space) (see resolves 5 of Resolution 365 (WRC-23)) and 2 483.59-2 499.91 MHz (space-to-Earth) for the maritime mobile-satellite service when used for the GMDSS with satellite networks or systems for which complete coordination information has been received by the Radiocommunication Bureau before 20 November 2023. Resolution 365 (WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.372A The maritime mobile-satellite service in the frequency bands 1 614.4225-1 618.725 MHz or 1 616.3-1 620.38 MHz (Earth-to-space) (see resolves 5 of Resolution 365 (WRC-23)) and 2 483.59-2 499.91 MHz (space-to-Earth) when they are used for the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) is limited to the geostationary-satellite networks identified in Resolution 365 (WRC-23) and their associated earth stations located within a service area from 75°E to 135°E longitude and from 10°N to 55°N latitude. Resolution 365 (WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.375 The use of the frequency band 1 645.5-1 646.5 MHz by the mobile-satellite service (Earth-to-space) and for inter-satellite links is limited to distress, urgency and safety communications (see Article 31). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.379B The use of the frequency band 1 668-1 675 MHz by the mobile-satellite service is subject to coordination under No. 9.11A. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.379D For sharing of the frequency band 1 668.4-1 675 MHz between the mobile-satellite service and the fixed and mobile services, Resolution 744 (Rev.WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

1 710-2 170 MHz

MOD

1 710-2 170 MHz

MOD

1 710-2 170 MHz

MOD

5.387 Additional allocation: in Belarus, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the frequency band 1 770-1 790 MHz is also allocated to the meteorological-satellite service on a primary basis, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.388 The frequency bands 1 885-2 025 MHz and 2 110-2 200 MHz are intended for use, on a worldwide basis, by administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). Such use does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by other services to which they are allocated. The frequency bands should be made available for IMT in accordance with Resolution 212 (Rev.WRC-23) (see also Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-23)). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.388A The frequency bands 1 710-1 980 MHz, 2 010-2 025 MHz and 2 110-2 170 MHz in Regions 1 and 3 and the frequency bands 1 710-1 980 MHz and 2 110-2 160 MHz in Region 2 are identified for the use by high altitude platform stations as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (HIBS). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 221 (Rev.WRC-23) shall apply. HIBS shall not claim protection from existing primary services. No. 5.43A does not apply. Such use of HIBS in the frequency bands 1 710-1 785 MHz in Regions 1 and 2, and 1 710-1 815 MHz in Region 3 is limited to reception by HIBS, and in the frequency band 2 110-2 170 MHz is limited to transmission from HIBS. (WRC-23)

SUP

5.388B

MOD

5.389A The use of the frequency bands 1 980-2 010 MHz and 2 170-2 200 MHz by the mobile-satellite service is subject to coordination under No. 9.11A and to the provisions of Resolution 716 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.389C The use of the frequency bands 2 010-2 025 MHz and 2 160-2 170 MHz in Region 2 by the mobile-satellite service is subject to coordination under No. 9.11A and to the provisions of Resolution 716 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

2 170-2 520 MHz

MOD

5.394 In the United States, the use of the frequency band 2 360-2 395 MHz by the aeronautical mobile service for telemetry has priority over other uses by the mobile services. In Canada, the use of the frequency band 2 360-2 400 MHz by the aeronautical mobile service for telemetry has priority over other uses by the mobile services. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.409A The frequency band 2 500-2 690 MHz in Regions 1 and 2, and the frequency band 2 500-2 655 MHz in Region 3 are identified for use by high-altitude platform stations as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (HIBS). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 218 (WRC-23) shall apply. HIBS shall not claim protection from existing primary services. No. 5.43A does not apply. Such use of HIBS in the frequency bands 2 500-2 510 MHz in Regions 1 and 2, and 2 500-2 535 MHz in Region 3 is limited to reception by HIBS. (WRC-23)

MOD

2 520-2 700 MHz

MOD

2 700-3 600 MHz

MOD

5.429 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Cameroon, China, Congo (Rep. of the), Korea (Rep. of), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lao P.D.R., Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, New Zealand, Oman, Uganda, Pakistan, Palestine⁸⁾, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Singapore, Somalia, Sudan, Thailand, Viet Nam and Yemen, the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. Mongolia, New Zealand and the countries bordering the Mediterranean shall not claim protection for their fixed and mobile services from the radiolocation service (WRC-23)

MOD

5.429A Additional allocation: in Angola, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Central African Republic, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Palestine⁹⁾, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz is allocated to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a primary basis. Stations in the mobile service operating in the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, stations operating in the radiolocation service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.429B In the following countries of Region 1: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros, Congo (Rep. of the), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mauritania, Mongolia, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz is identified for the implementation of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). The use of this frequency band shall be in accordance with Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-23). The use of the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz by IMT stations in the mobile service shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, systems in the radiolocation service, and administrations wishing to implement IMT shall obtain the agreement of neighbouring countries to protect operations within the radiolocation service. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.429C Different category of service: in Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay and Uruguay, the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz is allocated to the fixed service on a primary basis. Stations in the fixed service operating in the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, stations operating in the radiolocation service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.429D In Region 2, the use of the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service in the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz is identified for the implementation of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-23). The use of the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz by IMT stations in the mobile service shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, systems in the radiolocation service, and administrations wishing to implement IMT shall obtain the agreement of neighbouring countries to protect operations within the radiolocation service. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.429F In the following countries in Region 3: Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Lao P.D.R., Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore and Viet Nam, the use of the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz is identified for the implementation of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-23). The use of the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz by IMT stations in the mobile service shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, systems in the radiolocation service. Before an administration brings into use a base or mobile station of an IMT system in this frequency band, it shall seek agreement under No. 9.21 with neighbouring countries to protect the radiolocation service. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.429G Stations in the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service operating in the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz in Region 2 shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, systems operating in the radiolocation service. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.433A In Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, China, French overseas communities of Region 3, Korea (Rep. of), India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Japan, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea and Singapore, the frequency band 3 500-3 600 MHz is identified for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. At the stage of coordination the provisions of Nos. 9.17 and 9.18 also apply. Before an administration brings into use a (base or mobile) station of the mobile service in this frequency band it shall ensure that the power flux-density (pfd) produced at 3 m above ground does not exceed −154.5 dB(W/(m² • 4 kHz)) for more than 20% of time at the border of the territory of any other administration. This limit may be exceeded on the territory of any country whose administration has so agreed. In order to ensure that the pfd limit at the border of the territory of any other administration is met, the calculations and verification shall be made, taking into account all relevant information, with the mutual agreement of both administrations (the administration responsible for the terrestrial station and the administration responsible for the earth station), with the assistance of the Bureau if so requested. In case of disagreement, the calculation and verification of the pfd shall be made by the Bureau, taking into account the information referred to above. Stations of the mobile service in the frequency band 3 500-3 600 MHz shall not claim more protection from space stations than that provided in Table 21-4 of the Radio Regulations (Edition of 2004). (WRC-23)

MOD

3 600-4 800 MHz

ADD

5.433B In Angola, Botswana, Guinea, Lesotho, Malawi and South Sudan, the frequency band 3 600-3 700 MHz is identified for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of the frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. The conditions of No. 5.434A shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.434 In Region 2, the frequency band 3 600-3 700 MHz is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Administrations wishing to implement IMT shall obtain the agreement of neighbouring countries to ensure the protection of the fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.434A The use of the frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz by the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a primary basis in Region 1 is subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 if the power flux-density (pfd) limit below is exceeded. The provisions of Nos. 9.17 and 9.18 shall also apply in the coordination phase. Before an administration in Region 1 brings into use a station in the mobile service in the frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz, for the protection of stations in the fixed and fixed-satellite services, it shall ensure that the pfd produced at 3 m above ground does not exceed −154.5 dB(W/(m² • 4 kHz)) for more than 20% of the time at the border of the territory of any other administration. Stations in the mobile service operating in the frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz shall not claim more protection from space stations than that provided in Table 21-4 of the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.434B In Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep., Comoros, Congo (Rep. of the), Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Eswatini, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Mauritius, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Palestine¹⁰⁾, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Tunisia, Yemen, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz is identified for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of the frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. The conditions of No. 5.434A shall apply. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.435A Different category of service: In Angola, Botswana, Guinea, Lesotho, Malawi and South Sudan, the frequency band 3 700-3 800 MHz is allocated to the mobile service on a secondary basis. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.435B In the Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, United States, Guatemala, the French overseas departments and communities in Region 2, Greenland, the overseas countries and territories within the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Region 2, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago and Uruguay, the frequency band 3 700-3 800 MHz is identified for use by any of these administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Administrations wishing to implement IMT shall obtain the agreement of neighbouring countries to ensure the protection of the fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.436 Use of the frequency band 4 200-4 400 MHz by stations in the aeronautical mobile (R) service is reserved exclusively for wireless avionics intra-communication systems that operate in accordance with recognized international aeronautical standards. Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 424 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.441B In Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo (Rep. of the), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Eswatini, Russian Federation, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Kazakhstan, Lao P.D.R., Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mongolia, Namibia, Niger, Uganda, Uzbekistan, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Kyrgyzstan, the Dem. People's Rep. of Korea, South Sudan, South Africa, Chad, Togo, Viet Nam, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 4 800-4 990 MHz, or portions thereof, is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. The use of IMT stations is subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with concerned administrations, and IMT stations shall not claim protection from stations of other applications of the mobile service. In addition, before an administration brings into use an IMT station in the mobile service, it shall ensure that the power flux-density (pfd) produced by this station does not exceed −155 dB(W/(m² • 1 MHz)) produced up to 19 km above sea level at 20 km from the coast, defined as the low-water mark, as officially recognized by the coastal State. Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.446A The use of the frequency bands 5 150-5 350 MHz and 5 470-5 725 MHz by the stations in the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service shall be in accordance with Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.447 Additional allocation: in Côte d'Ivoire, Egypt, Lebanon, the Syrian Arab Republic and Tunisia, the frequency band 5 150-5 250 MHz is also allocated to the mobile service, on a primary basis, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21. In this case, the provisions of Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-23) do not apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.447F In the frequency band 5 250-5 350 MHz, stations in the mobile service shall not claim protection from the radiolocation service, the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) and the space research service (active). The radiolocation service, the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) and the space research service (active) shall not impose more stringent conditions upon the mobile service than those stipulated in Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.450A In the frequency band 5 470-5 725 MHz, stations in the mobile service shall not claim protection from radiodetermination services. The radiodetermination services shall not impose more stringent conditions upon the mobile service than those stipulated in Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5 570-6 700 MHz

MOD

5.453 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cameroon, China, Congo (Rep. of the), Korea (Rep. of), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Eswatini, Gabon, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Uganda, Pakistan, the Philippines, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Chad, Thailand, Togo, Viet Nam and Yemen, the frequency band 5 650-5 850 MHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. In this case, the provisions of Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-23) do not apply. In addition, in Afghanistan, Angola, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Fiji, Ghana, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Maldives, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Solomon Islands, South Sudan, South Africa, Tonga, Vanuatu, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 5 725-5 850 MHz is allocated to the fixed service on a primary basis, and stations operating in the fixed service shall not cause harmful interference to and shall not claim protection from other primary services in the frequency band. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.457A In the frequency bands 5 925-6 425 MHz and 14-14.5 GHz, earth stations located on board vessels may communicate with space stations of the fixed-satellite service. Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 902 (Rev.WRC-23). In the frequency band 5 925-6 425 MHz, earth stations located on board vessels and communicating with space stations of the fixed-satellite service may employ transmit antennas with minimum diameter of 1.2 m and operate without prior agreement of any administration if located at least 330 km away from the low-water mark as officially recognized by the coastal State. All other provisions of Resolution 902 (Rev.WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.457B In the frequency bands 5 925-6 425 MHz and 14-14.5 GHz, earth stations located on board vessels may operate with the characteristics and under the conditions contained in Resolution 902 (Rev.WRC-23) in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Oman, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Sudan, Tunisia and Yemen, in the maritime mobile-satellite service on a secondary basis. Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 902 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.457D In Cambodia, Lao P.D.R. and the Maldives, the frequency band 6 425-7 025 MHz is identified for the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 220 (WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.457E The frequency bands 6 425-7 125 MHz in Region 1 and 7 025-7 125 MHz in Region 3 are identified for use by administrations wishing to implement the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of these frequency bands by any application of the services to which they are allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 220 (WRC-23) applies.

The frequency bands are also used for the implementation of wireless access systems (WAS), including radio local area networks (RLANs). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.457F In Brazil and Mexico, the frequency band 6 425-7 125 MHz is identified for the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). The use of this frequency band for the implementation of IMT is subject to seeking agreement under No. 9.21 with neighbouring countries. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 220 (WRC-23) applies.

The frequency band is also used for the implementation of wireless access systems (WAS), including radio local area networks (RLANs). (WRC-23)

MOD

6 700-7 250 MHz

MOD

7 250-8 500 MHz

MOD

5.461 Additional allocation: the frequency bands 7 250-7 375 MHz (space-to-Earth) and 7 900-8 025 MHz (Earth-to-space) are also allocated to the mobile-satellite service on a primary basis, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21, with the exception that No. 9.21 shall not apply to the geostationary-satellite networks in the mobile-satellite service for which complete coordination information is received by the Bureau as of 1 January 2025 with respect to non-geostationary-satellite systems for which complete coordination or notification information, according to the case, is received by the Bureau as of 1 January 2025. Non-geostationary-satellite systems for which complete coordination or notification information, according to the case, is received by the Bureau as of 1 January 2025 shall not cause unacceptable interference to and shall not claim protection from geostationary-satellite networks in the mobile-satellite service operating in accordance with these Regulations. No. 5.43A does not apply. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.461AC In the frequency band 7 375-7 750 MHz, non-geostationary-satellite systems operating in the fixed-satellite service for which complete coordination or notification information, according to the case, is received by the Bureau as of 1 January 2025 shall not cause unacceptable interference to and shall not claim protection from geostationary-satellite networks in the maritime mobile-satellite service operating in accordance with these Regulations. No. 5.43A does not apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.469 Additional allocation: in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Hungary, Lithuania, Uzbekistan, Poland, Kyrgyzstan, the Czech Rep., Romania, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Ukraine, the frequency band 8 500-8 750 MHz is also allocated to the land mobile and radionavigation services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

10-10.7 GHz

MOD

5.480 Additional allocation: in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Paraguay, the overseas countries and territories within the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Region 2, Peru, Suriname and Uruguay, the frequency band 10-10.45 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. In Venezuela, the frequency band 10-10.45 GHz is also allocated to the fixed service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.480A In the following countries in Region 2: Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay, the frequency band 10-10.5 GHz is identified for the implementation of the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). The implementation of this identification in Mexico is subject to seeking agreement with the United States under No. 9.21. The use of the frequency band 10-10.5 GHz by IMT stations in the mobile service shall not claim protection from systems in the radiolocation service. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 219 (WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.481 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Germany, Angola, Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Cuba, Djibouti, the Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Ecuador, Spain, Guatemala, Hungary, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Morocco, Mexico, Nigeria, Oman, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Palestine¹¹⁾, Paraguay, Peru, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Romania, Somalia, Suriname, Tunisia and Uruguay, the frequency band 10.45-10.5 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.484A The use of the frequency bands 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) in Region 2, 12.2-12.75 GHz (space-to-Earth) in Region 3, 12.5-12.75 GHz (space-to-Earth) in Region 1, 13.75-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space), 17.3-17.7 GHz (space-to-Earth) in Region 2, 17.8-18.6 GHz (space-to-Earth), 19.7-20.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 27.5-28.6 GHz (Earth-to-space), 29.5-30 GHz (Earth-to-space) by a non-geostationary-satellite system in the fixed-satellite service is subject to application of the provisions of No. 9.12 for coordination with other non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service. Non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service shall not claim protection from geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed-satellite service operating in accordance with the Radio Regulations, irrespective of the dates of receipt by the Bureau of the complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, for the non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service and of the complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, for the geostationary-satellite networks, and No. 5.43A does not apply. Non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service in the above bands shall be operated in such a way that any unacceptable interference that may occur during their operation shall be rapidly eliminated. In Region 2, No. 22.2 shall continue to apply in the frequency band 17.3-17.7 GHz. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.7-13.4 GHz

MOD

5.494 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Cameroon, the Central African Rep., Congo (Rep. of the), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Mongolia, Nigeria, Oman, Palestine¹²⁾, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Chad, Togo and Yemen, the frequency band 12.5-12.75 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.496A The frequency band 12.75-13.25 GHz (Earth-to-space) may be used by earth stations in motion, limited to earth stations on aircraft and vessels, communicating with geostationary space stations in the fixed-satellite service. Resolution 121 (WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.500 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Cameroon, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Singapore, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Chad and Tunisia, the frequency band 13.4-14 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. In Pakistan, the frequency band 13.4-13.75 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.501 Additional allocation: in Hungary, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Romania and Turkmenistan, the frequency band 13.4-14 GHz is also allocated to the radionavigation service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.506A In the frequency band 14-14.5 GHz, ship earth stations with an equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) greater than 21 dBW shall operate under the same conditions as earth stations located on board vessels, as provided in Resolution 902 (Rev.WRC-23). This footnote shall not apply to ship earth stations for which the complete Appendix 4 information has been received by the Bureau prior to 5 July 2003. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.506B Earth stations located on board vessels communicating with space stations in the fixed-satellite service may operate in the frequency band 14-14.5 GHz without the need for prior agreement from Cyprus and Malta, within the minimum distance given in Resolution 902 (Rev.WRC-23) from these countries. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.508 Additional allocation: in Germany, Italy, Libya, North Macedonia and the United Kingdom, the frequency band 14.25-14.3 GHz is also allocated tho the fixed service on a primary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.508A In the frequency band 14.25-14.3 GHz, the power flux-density produced on the territory of the countries of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Botswana, China, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Guinea, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kuwait, Nigeria, Oman, the Syrian Arab Republic, the United Kingdom and Tunisia by any aircraft earth station in the aeronautical mobile-satellite service shall not exceed the limits given in Annex 1, Part B of Recommendation ITU-R M.1643-0, unless otherwise specifically agreed by the affected administration(s). The provisions of this footnote in no way derogate the obligations of the aeronautical mobile-satellite service to operate as a secondary service in accordance with No. 5.29. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.509A In the frequency band 14.3-14.5 GHz, the power flux-density produced on the territory of the countries of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Botswana, Cameroon, China, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Gabon, Guinea, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kuwait, Morocco, Nigeria, Oman, the Syrian Arab Republic, the United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, Tunisia and Viet Nam by any aircraft earth station in the aeronautical mobile-satellite service shall not exceed the limits given in Annex 1, Part B of Recommendation ITU-R M.1643-0, unless otherwise specifically agreed by the affected administration(s). The provisions of this footnote in no way derogate the obligations of the aeronautical mobile-satellite service to operate as a secondary service in accordance with No. 5.29. (WRC-23)

MOD

14.5-15.4 GHz

ADD

5.510A The allocation of the frequency band 14.8-15.35 GHz to the space research service on a primary basis is limited to satellite systems operating in the space-to-space, space-to-Earth and Earth-to-space directions at distances from the Earth of less than 2 × 10⁶ km in accordance with Resolution 678 (WRC-23). Other uses of the frequency band by the space research service are on a secondary basis. The use of the frequency band 14.8-15.35 GHz by the space research service (space-to-Earth) (Earth-to-space) is on a secondary basis with respect to the terrestrial services in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Korea (Rep. of), Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, the United States, India, Iraq, Japan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Oman, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia and Yemen. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.511 Additional allocation: in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Cameroon, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Guinea, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic and Somalia, the frequency band 15.35-15.4 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a secondary basis. (WRC-23)

MOD

15.4-18.4 GHz

MOD

15.4-18.4 GHz

ADD

5.511G Stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 15.41-15.7 GHz shall not cause harmful interference to the radio astronomy service operating in the frequency band 15.35-15.4 GHz. The aggregate power flux-density (pfd) received from stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 15.41-15.7 GHz at any radio astronomy station operating in the frequency band 15.35-15.4 GHz shall be in compliance with the protection criteria provided in Recommendations ITU-R RA.769-2 and ITU-R RA.1513-2, unless specifically agreed by the affected administration(s). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.511H Additional allocation: in Indonesia, the frequency band 15.41-15.7 GHz is also allocated to the aeronautical mobile (OR) service on a secondary basis. Stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 15.41-15.7 GHz shall not cause harmful interference to the radio astronomy service operating in the frequency band 15.35-15.4 GHz. The aggregate power flux-density (pfd) received from stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 15.41-15.7 GHz at any radio astronomy station operating in the frequency band 15.35-15.4 GHz shall be in compliance with the protection criteria provided in Recommendations ITU-R RA.769-2 and ITU-R RA.1513-2, unless specifically agreed by the affected administration(s). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.514 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cameroon, Djibouti, El Salvador, the United Arab Emirates, Guatemala, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Lithuania, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Qatar, Kyrgyzstan, Somalia, Sudan and South Sudan, the frequency band 17.3-17.7 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a secondary basis. The power limits given in Nos. 21.3 and 21.5 shall apply. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.515A In addition to the need to comply with the coordination criteria in Annex 4 to Appendix 30A, under assumed free-space propagation conditions, the power flux-density of an assignment in the fixed-satellite service (space to-Earth) of a geostationary-satellite network in the frequency band 17.3-17.7 GHz in Region 2 shall not exceed the value of −98 dB(W/(m² • 27 MHz)) at points in the geostationary-satellite orbit with geocentric orbital separation angles between 152.6° and 162.6°. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.515B In the frequency band 17.3-17.7 GHz, the use of the fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth) by geostationary-satellite space stations in Region 2 shall not cause harmful interference to space station receivers nor claim protection from the broadcasting-satellite service feeder-link earth stations operating under Appendix 30A in all three Regions, nor put any limitations or restrictions on the locations of the broadcasting-satellite service feeder-link earth stations anywhere within the service area of the feeder link. The notifying administration for the fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth), when submitting Appendix 4 information elements, shall provide a firm, objective, actionable, measurable and enforceable commitment that, in the event of harmful interference being reported to space station receivers in Appendix 30A, it shall take immediate action to eliminate the interference or reduce it to an acceptable level. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.517 In Region 2, use of the fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth) service in the frequency band 17.3-17.8 GHz shall not cause harmful interference to nor claim protection from assignments in the broadcasting-satellite service operating in conformity with the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.517A The operation of earth stations in motion communicating with geostationary fixed-satellite service space stations within the frequency bands 17.7-19.7 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 27.5-29.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) shall be subject to the application of Resolution 169 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.517B The operation of aeronautical and maritime earth stations in motion communicating with non-geostationary space stations in the fixed-satellite service in the frequency bands 17.7-18.6 GHz, 18.8-19.3 GHz and 19.7-20.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 27.5-29.1 GHz and 29.5-30 GHz (Earth-to-space) shall be subject to the application of Resolution 123 (WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.521 Alternative allocation: in the United Arab Emirates, the frequency band 18.1-18.4 GHz is allocated to the fixed, fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth) and mobile services on a primary basis (see No. 5.33). The provisions of No. 5.519 also apply. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.521A For use of the frequency bands 18.1-18.6 GHz, 18.8-20.2 GHz and 27.5-30 GHz, or parts thereof, by space stations in the inter-satellite service, Resolution 679 (WRC-23) shall apply. Such use is limited to space research, space operation and/or Earth exploration-satellite applications, and also transmissions of data originating from industrial and medical activities in space. When using these frequencies, administrations shall ensure that this inter-satellite service is used only for the aforementioned purposes and is not subject to coordination under No. 9.11A. For use of the frequency bands 18.1-18.6 GHz, 18.8-20.2 GHz, 27.5-29.1 GHz and 29.5-30 GHz by space stations, the allocation is limited to inter-satellite links between non-geostationary satellites or between non-geostationary satellites and geostationary satellites. For use of the frequency band 29.1-29.5 GHz by space stations, the allocation is limited to inter-satellite links between non-geostationary satellites and geostationary satellites. No. 4.10 does not apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

18.4-22 GHz

MOD

18.4-22 GHz

ADD

5.523DA In order to protect feeder links of non-geostationary networks in the mobile-satellite service in the frequency band 19.3-19.7 GHz, the power flux-density values produced at the surface of the Earth for all angles of arrival by a space station in the inter-satellite service operating in this band in accordance with Resolution 679 (WRC-23) shall not exceed −140 dB(W/m²) in any 1 MHz within 150 km of any of the above feeder-link earth stations recorded in the Master International Frequency Register. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.524 Additional allocation: in Afghanistan, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Cameroon, China, Congo (Rep. of the), Costa Rica, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Nepal, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine¹³⁾, the Philippines, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Singapore, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Chad, Togo and Tunisia, the frequency band 19.7-21.2 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. This additional use shall not impose any limitation on the power flux-density of space stations in the fixed-satellite service in the frequency band 19.7-21.2 GHz and of space stations in the mobile-satellite service in the frequency band 19.7-20.2 GHz where the allocation to the mobile-satellite service is on a primary basis in the latter frequency band. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.527A The operation of earth stations in motion communicating with the FSS is subject to Resolution 156 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.529A In the frequency bands 20.2-21.2 GHz and 30-31 GHz, non-geostationary-satellite systems for which complete coordination or notification information, according to the case, is received by the Bureau as of 1 January 2025 shall not cause unacceptable interference to and shall not claim protection from geostationary-satellite networks in the mobile-satellite service operating in accordance with these Regulations. No. 5.43A does not apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.530E The allocation to the fixed service in the frequency band 21.4-22 GHz is identified for use in Region 2 by high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by other fixed-service applications or by other services to which it is allocated on a co-primary basis, and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Such use of the fixed-service allocation by HAPS is limited to the HAPS-to-ground direction, and shall be in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 165 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

22-24.75 GHz

ADD

5.531A The use of the aeronautical mobile (OR) service in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz is limited to non-safety applications. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.531B Aircraft stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz are subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with respect to the fixed service and shall not cause harmful interference to, nor claim protection from, the fixed service. The following power flux-density values shall be used as a threshold for coordination under No. 9.21:

−110 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	0° ≤ θ ≤ 12.6°
2.86 θ − 146 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	12.6° < θ ≤ 15°
0.87 θ − 116 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	15° < θ ≤ 30°
0.067 θ − 92 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	30° < θ ≤ 90°

where θ is the angle of arrival of the incident wave above the horizontal plane, in degrees.

This criterion should be applied at the border of the territory of another administration for any aircraft station located at an altitude of up to 15 km above the ground. In conducting the calculations, the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R P.525 should be used. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.531C Stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz shall not cause harmful interference to the radio astronomy service operating in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz. The aggregate power flux-density (pfd) received from these stations at any radio astronomy station operating in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz shall be in compliance with the protection criteria provided in Recommendations ITU-R RA.769-2 and ITU-R RA.1513-2, unless specifically agreed by the affected administration(s). (WRC-23)

ADD

5.531D The use of the aeronautical mobile (OR) service in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz outside national boundaries shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, services in other countries operating in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.531E Alternative allocation: in Brunei Darussalam, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz is allocated to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile (R), service on a primary basis. The use of the service is limited to non-safety applications within national boundaries. The use of the aeronautical mobile (OR) service in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, services in other countries operating in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations. Furthermore, stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz shall not cause harmful interference to the radio astronomy service operating in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz in other countries in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations. The aggregate power flux-density (pfd) received from these stations at any radio astronomy station operating in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz shall be in compliance with the protection criteria provided in Recommendations ITU-R RA.769-2 and ITU-R RA.1513-2, unless specifically agreed by the affected administration(s). In order to protect stations of the Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) operating in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz, the unwanted equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) of stations operating in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service shall not exceed −23 dBW in any 100 MHz band in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz.

Aircraft stations in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service operating in the frequency band 22-22.2 GHz are subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with respect to the fixed service and shall not cause harmful interference to, nor claim protection from, the fixed service. The following pfd values shall be used as a threshold for coordination under No. 9.21:

−110 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	0° ≤ θ ≤ 12.6°
2.86 θ − 146 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	12.6° < θ ≤ 15°
0.87 θ − 116 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	15° < θ ≤ 30°
0.067 θ − 92 dB(W/(m^2 • MHz))	for	30° < θ ≤ 90°

where θ is the angle of arrival of the incident wave above the horizontal plane, in degrees.

This criterion should be applied at the border of the territory of another administration for any aircraft station located at an altitude of up to 15 km above the ground. In conducting the calculations, the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R P.525 should be used. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.531F In order to protect stations of the Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) operating in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz, the unwanted equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) of stations operating in the aeronautical mobile (OR) service shall not exceed −23 dBW in any 100 MHz band in the frequency band 22.21-22.5 GHz. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.532AA The allocation to the fixed service in the frequency band 24.25-25.25 GHz is identified for use in Region 2 by high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by other fixed-service applications or by other services to which this frequency band is allocated on a co-primary basis, and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Such use of the fixed-service allocation by HAPS is limited to the HAPS-to-ground direction and shall be in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 166 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.532AB The frequency band 24.25-27.5 GHz is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 242 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

24.75-29.9 GHz

MOD

5.534A The allocation to the fixed service in the frequency band 25.25-27.5 GHz is identified in Region 2 for use by high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 166 (Rev.WRC-23). Such use of the fixed-service allocation by HAPS shall be limited to the ground-to-HAPS direction in the frequency band 25.25-27.0 GHz and to the HAPS-to-ground direction in the frequency band 27.0-27.5 GHz. Furthermore, the use of the frequency band 25.5-27.0 GHz by HAPS shall be limited to gateway links. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by other fixed-service applications or by other services to which this band is allocated on a co-primary basis, and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.536A Administrations operating earth stations in the Earth exploration-satellite service or the space research service shall not claim protection from stations in the fixed and mobile services operated by other administrations. In addition, earth stations in the Earth exploration-satellite service or in the space research service should be operated taking into account the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R SA.1862. Resolution 242 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.536B In Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, China, Korea (Rep. of), Denmark, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Moldova, Norway, Oman, Uganda, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Türkiye, Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Slovakia, the Czech Rep., Romania, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Slovenia, Somalia, Sudan, Sweden, Tanzania, Viet Nam and Zimbabwe, earth stations operating in the Earth exploration-satellite service in the frequency band 25.5-27 GHz shall not claim protection from, or constrain the use and deployment of, stations of the fixed and mobile services. Resolution 242 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.542 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Cameroon, China, Congo (Rep. of the), Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine¹⁴⁾, Philippines, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Sri Lanka and Chad, the frequency band 29.5-31 GHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a secondary basis. The power limits specified in Nos. 21.3 and 21.5 shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

29.9-34.2 GHz

MOD

5.543B The allocation to the fixed service in the frequency band 31-31.3 GHz is identified for worldwide use by high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by other fixed-service applications or by other services to which this frequency band is allocated on a co-primary basis, and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Such use of the fixed-service allocation by HAPS shall be in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 167 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.546 Different category of service: in Saudi Arabia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Spain, Estonia, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Moldova, Mongolia, Oman, Uzbekistan, Poland, the Syrian Arab Republic, Türkiye, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, the United Kingdom, Somalia, South Africa, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the allocation of the frequency band 31.5-31.8 GHz to the fixed and mobile, except aeronautical mobile, services is on a primary basis (see No. 5.33). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.547 The frequency bands 31.8-33.4 GHz, 37-40 GHz, 40.5-43.5 GHz, 51.4-52.6 GHz, 55.78-59 GHz and 64-66 GHz are available for high-density applications in the fixed service. Administrations should take this into account when considering regulatory provisions in relation to these bands. Because of the potential deployment of high-density applications in the fixed-satellite service in the frequency bands 39.5-40 GHz and 40.5-42 GHz (see No. 5.516B), administrations should further take into account potential constraints to high-density applications in the fixed service, as appropriate. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.548 In designing systems for the inter-satellite service in the frequency band 32.3-33 GHz, for the radionavigation service in the frequency band 32-33 GHz, and for the space research service (deep space) in the frequency band 31.8-32.3 GHz, administrations shall take all necessary measures to prevent harmful interference between these services, bearing in mind the safety aspects of the radionavigation service (see Recommendation 707 (Rev.WRC-23)). (WRC-23)

MOD

34.2-40 GHz

MOD

5.550B The frequency band 37-43.5 GHz, or portions thereof, is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Because of the potential deployment of FSS earth stations within the frequency range 37.5-42.5 GHz and high-density applications in the fixed-satellite service in the frequency bands 39.5-40 GHz in Region 1, 40-40.5 GHz in all Regions and 40.5-42 GHz in Region 2 (see No. 5.516B), administrations should further take into account potential constraints to IMT in these frequency bands, as appropriate. Resolution 243 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

ADD

5.550CA Non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service operating with an apogee altitude above 407 km and below 2 000 km in the frequency band 37.5-38 GHz shall not exceed an unwanted emission e.i.r.p. density of −21 dB(W/100 MHz) per space station for angles greater than 65.0° from nadir relative to the space station in the fixed-satellite service in the frequency band 36-37 GHz in order to protect the Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) operating in the latter frequency band. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.550D The allocation to the fixed service in the frequency band 38-39.5 GHz is identified for worldwide use by administrations wishing to implement high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). In the HAPS-to-ground direction, the HAPS ground station shall not claim protection from stations in the fixed, mobile and fixed-satellite services; and No. 5.43A does not apply. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by other fixed-service applications or by other services to which this frequency band is allocated on a co-primary basis and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Furthermore, the development of the fixed-satellite, fixed and mobile services shall not be unduly constrained by HAPS. Such use of the fixed-service allocation by HAPS shall be in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 168 (Rev.WRC-23). (WRC-23)

MOD

5.553A In Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Belarus, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Korea (Rep. of), Côte d’Ivoire, Croatia, Djibouti, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Estonia, Eswatini, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lesotho, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Mauritius, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, Somalia, Sudan, South Africa, Sweden, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 45.5-47 GHz is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT), taking into account No. 5.553. With respect to the aeronautical mobile service and radionavigation service, the use of this frequency band for the implementation of IMT is subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with concerned administrations and shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from these services. This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 244 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.553B In Region 2 and Algeria, Angola, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Bahrain, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep., Comoros, Congo (Rep. of the), Korea (Rep. of), Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Madagascar, Malaysia, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Mauritius, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Uganda, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, South Africa, Sweden, Tanzania, Chad, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the frequency band 47.2-48.2 GHz is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which it is allocated, and does not establish any priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 243 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.559AA The frequency band 66-71 GHz is identified for use by administrations wishing to implement the terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This identification does not preclude the use of this frequency band by any application of the services to which this frequency band is allocated and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. Resolution 241 (Rev.WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

MOD

200-248 GHz

ADD

5.563AA In the frequency band 235-238 GHz, stations in the Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) shall not claim protection from stations in the fixed and mobile services. (WRC-23)

MOD

5.564A For the operation of fixed and land mobile service applications in frequency bands in the range 275-450 GHz:

The frequency bands 275-296 GHz, 306-313 GHz, 318-333 GHz and 356-450 GHz are identified for use by administrations for the implementation of land mobile and fixed service applications where no specific conditions are necessary to protect Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) applications.

The frequency bands 296-306 GHz, 313-318 GHz and 333-356 GHz may only be used by fixed and land mobile service applications when specific conditions to ensure the protection of Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) applications are determined in accordance with Resolution 731 (Rev.WRC-23).

In those portions of the frequency range 275-450 GHz where radio astronomy applications are used, specific conditions (e.g. minimum separation distances and/or avoidance angles) may be necessary to ensure protection of radio astronomy sites from land mobile and/or fixed service applications, on a case-by-case basis, in accordance with Resolution 731 (Rev.WRC-23).

The use of the above-mentioned frequency bands by land mobile and fixed service applications does not preclude use by, and does not establish priority over, any other applications of radio services in the range of 275-450 GHz. (WRC-23)

Article 9 Procedure for effecting coordination with or obtaining agreement of other administrations^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} (WRC-19)

MOD

⁴ A.9.4 Resolution 49 (Rev.WRC-23), Resolution 552 (Rev.WRC-23) or Resolution 32 (Rev.WRC-23), as appropriate, shall also be applied with respect to those satellite networks and satellite systems that are subject to it. (WRC-23)

Section I − Advance publication of information on satellite networks or satellite systems

General

SUP

9.1A

SUP

9.2C

Section II − Procedure for effecting coordination^{13, 14}

Sub-Section IIA − Requirement and request for coordination

MOD

9.30 Requests for coordination made under Nos. 9.7 to 9.14 and 9.21 shall be sent by the requesting administration to the Bureau, together with the appropriate information listed in Appendix 4 to these Regulations. Any additional frequency bands subsequently added to the request for coordination, or any modification to the request for coordination involving a change of the orbital location for a space station using the geostationary-satellite orbit, shall be given a new date of receipt with respect to the application of Nos. 11.44, 11.44.1 and 11.48. (WRC-23)

Sub-Section IIC − Action upon a request for coordination

MOD

²⁸ 9.52.1 An administration believing that:

• (i) unacceptable interference may be caused to its existing or planned satellite networks or systems not subject to the coordination procedure under Section II of Article 9, or

• (ii) unacceptable interference may be caused to its existing or planned satellite networks or systems subject to Section II of Article 9 by an incoming frequency assignment to a space station subject to this Section only with respect to terrestrial services, or

• (iii) unacceptable interference may be caused to its existing or planned satellite networks or systems subject to Section II of Article 9 by an incoming frequency assignment to a space station subject to this Section only with respect to a list of administrations provided in the relevant footnote to Article 5, and that list does not include the potentially affected administration,

may send its comments to the requesting administration. A copy of these comments may also be sent to the Bureau. Such comments shall however not by themselves constitute a disagreement under No. 9.52. Thereafter, both administrations shall endeavour to cooperate in joint efforts to resolve any difficulties, with the assistance of the Bureau, if so requested by either of the parties, and shall exchange any additional relevant information that may be available. (WRC-23)

Article 11 Notification and recording of frequency assignments^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} (WRC-19)

MOD

² A.11.2 Resolution 49 (Rev.WRC-23), Resolution 552 (Rev.WRC-23) or Resolution 32 (Rev.WRC-23), as appropriate, shall also be applied with respect to those satellite networks and satellite systems that are subject to it. (WRC-23)

Section I − Notification

MOD

11.26A Notices relating to assignments of high-altitude platform station as International Mobile Telecommunications base station in the frequency bands identified in Nos. 5.312B, 5.314A, 5.388A and 5.409A shall reach the Bureau not earlier than three years before the assignments are brought into use. (WRC-23)

Section II − Examination of notices and recording of frequency assignments in the Master Register

MOD

¹¹ 11.28.1 In case of satellite networks or systems not subject to the coordination procedure under Section II of Article 9, an administration believing that unacceptable interference may be caused to its existing or planned satellite networks or systems by submitted modifications to the characteristics initially published under No. 9.2B may provide its comments to the notifying administration with copy to the Bureau. The Bureau shall publish any such comments received on its website. Both administrations shall thereafter cooperate to resolve any difficulties. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.44 The notified date ^{23, 24, 25} of bringing into use of any frequency assignment to a space station of a satellite network or system shall be not later than seven years following the date of receipt by the Bureau of the relevant complete information under No. 9.1 or 9.2 in the case of satellite networks or systems not subject to Section II of Article 9 or under No. 9.30 in the case of satellite networks or systems subject to Section II of Article 9. Any frequency assignment not brought into use within the required period shall be cancelled by the Bureau after having informed the administration at least three months before the expiry of this period. (WRC-23)

MOD

²³ 11.44.1 In the case of space station frequency assignments that are brought into use prior to the completion of the coordination process, and for which the Resolution 49 (Rev.WRC-23) or Resolution 552 (Rev.WRC-23) data, as appropriate, have been submitted to the Bureau, the assignment shall continue to be taken into consideration for a maximum period of seven years from the date of receipt of the relevant information under No. 9.30. If the first notice for recording of the assignments in question under No. 11.15 related to No. 9.1 or No. 9.30 has not been received by the Bureau by the end of this seven-year period, the assignments shall be cancelled by the Bureau after having informed the notifying administration of its pending actions six months in advance. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.44A A notice not conforming to No. 11.44 shall be returned to the notifying administration with a recommendation to restart the advance publication procedure or the coordination procedure, as appropriate. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.44B A frequency assignment to a space station in the geostationary-satellite orbit shall be considered as having been brought into use when a space station in the geostationary-satellite orbit with the capability of transmitting or receiving that frequency assignment has been deployed and maintained at the notified orbital position for a continuous period of 90 days. The notifying administration shall so inform the Bureau within 30 days from the end of the 90-day period^{25, 26, 26bis}. On receipt of the information sent under this provision, the Bureau shall make that information available on the ITU website as soon as possible and shall publish it in the BR IFIC. Resolution 40 (Rev.WRC-19) shall apply. (WRC-23)

ADD

^26bis 11.44B.3 and 11.44C.5 If the notifying administration has informed the Bureau of the date of commencement of the 90-day bringing-into-use period, but, as of 15 days after the end of the 90-day bringing-into-use period, has not yet informed the Bureau of the completion of the bringing-into-use period in accordance with Nos. 11.44B or 11.44C, the Bureau shall promptly send the notifying administration a reminder of its obligation to inform the Bureau of the completion of the bringing-into-use period under Nos. 11.44B or 11.44C. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.44C A frequency assignment to a space station in a non-geostationary-satellite orbit network or system in the fixed-satellite service, the mobile-satellite service or the broadcasting-satellite service shall be considered as having been brought into use when a space station with the capability of transmitting or receiving that frequency assignment has been deployed and maintained on one of the notified orbital plane(s)²⁷ of the non-geostationary satellite network or system for a continuous period of 90 days, irrespective of the notified number of orbital planes and satellites per orbital plane in the network or system. The notifying administration shall so inform the Bureau within 30 days from the end of the 90-day period^{25, 26bis, 28, 29}. On receipt of the information sent under this provision, the Bureau shall make that information available on the ITU website as soon as possible and shall publish it in the BR IFIC subsequently. (WRC-23)

MOD

²⁷ 11.44C.1 and 11.44D.1 For the purposes of No. 11.44C or No. 11.44D, the term “notified orbital plane” means an orbital plane of the non-geostationary-satellite system, as provided to the Bureau in the most recent notification information for the system’s frequency assignments, that corresponds to Items A.4.b.4.a, A.4.b.4.d, A.4.b.4.e and A.4.b.4.i (only for orbits whose altitudes of the apogee and perigee are different) in Table A of Annex 2 to Appendix 4. For the purposes of No. 11.44C, Resolution 8 (WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.48 If, after the expiry of the period of seven years from the date of receipt of the relevant complete information referred to in No. 9.1 or 9.2 in the case of satellite networks or systems not subject to Section II of Article 9 or in No. 9.30 in the case of satellite networks or systems subject to Section II of Article 9, the administration responsible for the satellite network has not brought the frequency assignments to stations of the network into use, or has not submitted the first notice for recording of the frequency assignments under No. 11.15, or, where required, has not provided the due diligence information pursuant to Resolution 49 (Rev.WRC-23), as appropriate, the corresponding information published under Nos. 9.2B and 9.38, as appropriate, shall be cancelled, but only after the administration concerned has been informed at least six months before the expiry date referred to in Nos. 11.44 and 11.44.1 and, where required, § 10 of Annex 1 of Resolution 49 (Rev.WRC-23)³¹. (WRC-23)

MOD

³¹ 11.48.1 If the information pursuant to Resolution 552 (Rev.WRC-23) has not been provided, the corresponding information published under No. 9.38 shall be cancelled 30 days after the end of the seven-year period following the date of receipt by the Bureau of the relevant complete information under No. 9.30. (WRC-23)

MOD

11.49 Wherever the use of a recorded frequency assignment to a space station of a satellite network or to all space stations of a non-geostationary-satellite system is suspended for a period exceeding six months, the notifying administration shall inform the Bureau of the date on which such use was suspended. When the recorded assignment is brought back into use, the notifying administration shall, subject to the provisions of Nos. 11.49.1, 11.49.2, 11.49.3 or 11.49.4, as applicable, so inform the Bureau, as soon as possible. On receipt of the information sent under this provision, the Bureau shall make that information available as soon as possible on the ITU website and shall publish it in the BR IFIC. The date on which the recorded assignment is brought back into use^{32, 32bis, 33, 34, 35, 36} shall be not later than three years from the date on which the use of the frequency assignment was suspended, provided that the notifying administration informs the Bureau of the suspension within six months from the date on which the use was suspended. If the notifying administration informs the Bureau of the suspension more than six months after the date on which the use of the frequency assignment was suspended, this three-year time period shall be reduced. In this case, the amount by which the three-year period shall be reduced shall be equal to the amount of time that has elapsed between the end of the six-month period and the date that the Bureau is informed of the suspension. If the notifying administration informs the Bureau of the suspension more than 21 months after the date on which the use of the frequency assignment was suspended, the frequency assignment shall be cancelled. Ninety days before the end of the period of suspension, the Bureau shall send a reminder to the notifying administration. If the Bureau does not receive the declaration of the commencement of the bringing-back-into-use period within thirty days following the limit date of the period of suspension established in accordance with this provision, it shall cancel the entry in the Master Register. The Bureau shall, however, inform the administration concerned before taking such action. (WRC-23)

ADD

^32bis 11.49.1A and 11.49.2A If the notifying administration has informed the Bureau of the date of commencement of the 90-day bringing-back-into-use period, but, as of 15 days after the end of the 90-day bringing-back-into-use period, has not yet informed the Bureau of the completion of the bringing-back-into-use period in accordance with Nos. 11.49.1 or 11.49.2, the Bureau shall promptly send the notifying administration a reminder of its obligation to inform the Bureau of the completion of the bringing-back-into-use period under Nos. 11.49.1 or 11.49.2, as applicable. (WRC-23)

MOD

³⁶ 11.49.5 For the purposes of Nos. 11.49.2 and 11.49.3, the term “notified orbital plane” means an orbital plane of the non-geostationary-satellite system, as provided to the Bureau in the most recent notification information for the system’s frequency assignments, that corresponds to Items A.4.b.4.a, A.4.b.4.d, A.4.b.4.e and A.4.b.4.i (only for orbits whose altitudes of the apogee and perigee are different) in Table A of Annex 2 to Appendix 4. For the purposes of No. 11.49.2, Resolution 8 (WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

Section III – Maintenance of the recording of frequency assignments to non-geostationary-satellite systems in the Master Register (WRC-19)

MOD

11.51 For frequency assignments to some non-geostationary-satellite systems in specific frequency bands and services, Resolution 35 (Rev.WRC-23) and Resolution 8 (WRC-23) shall apply. (WRC-23)

Article 19 Identification of stations

Section I − General provisions

MOD

19.11 5) All transmissions by satellite emergency position-indicating radiobeacons (EPIRBs) operating in the frequency band 406-406.1 MHz shall carry identification signals. (WRC-23)

Section V − Selective call numbers in the maritime mobile service

MOD

19.83 § 36 When stations of the maritime mobile service use selective calling devices in accordance with the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.476 and ITU-R M.625, their call numbers should be assigned by the responsible administrations in accordance with the provisions below. (WRC-23)

SUP

19.96A

MOD

19.97 3) Each administration shall choose the coast station identification numbers to be assigned to its coast stations from the blocks of the series supplied to it. (WRC-23)

Section VI − Identities in the maritime mobile service (WRC-12)

19.98 A − General

MOD

19.99 § 39 When a station⁶ operating in the maritime mobile service or the maritime mobile-satellite service is required to use maritime mobile service identities, the responsible administration shall assign the identity to the station in accordance with the provisions described in Annex 1 of Recommendation ITU-R M.585-9. In accordance with No. 20.16, administrations shall notify the Radiocommunication Bureau immediately when assigning maritime mobile service identities. (WRC-23)

MOD

19.102 3) The types of maritime mobile service identities shall be as described in Annex 1 to Recommendation ITU-R M.585-9. (WRC-23)

19.110 C − Maritime mobile service identities (WRC-07)

MOD

19.111 § 43 1) Administrations shall follow Annex 1 to Recommendation ITU-R M.585-9 concerning the assignment and use of maritime mobile service identities. (WRC-23)

Article 21 Terrestrial and space services sharing frequency bands above 1 GHz

Section I − Choice of sites and frequencies

MOD

² 21.2.2 Information on this subject is given in the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R SF.765. (WRC-23)

Section II − Power limits for terrestrial stations

MOD

⁴ 21.4.1 Information on this subject is given in the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R SF.765. (WRC-23)

MOD

TABLE 21-2 (Rev.WRC-23)

Frequency band	Service	Limit as specified in Nos.
…	…	…
17.7-18.4 GHz 18.6-18.8 GHz 19.3-19.7 GHz 22.55-23.55 GHz 24.45-29.5 GHz	Fixed-satellite Earth exploration-satellite Space research Inter-satellite	21.2, 21.3, 21.5 and 21.5A

NOTE: Additional frequency bands above 29.5 GHz may be considered for inclusion in Table 21-2 by a future competent conference.

Section V − Limits of power flux-density from space stations

MOD

TABLE 21-4 (Rev.WRC-23)

Frequency band	Service*	Limit in dB(W/m^2) for angles of arrival (δ) above the horizontal plane				Reference bandwidth
		0°–5°	5°–25°		25°–90°
...
17.7-19.3 GHz ^7, 8	Fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth) Inter-satellite Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth)	0°–5°	5°–25°		25°–90°	1 MHz
		−115 ^14, 15 or −115 − X ^13	−115 + 0.5(δ − 5) 14, 15 or −115 − X + ((10 + X )/20) (δ − 5) ^13		−105 ^14, 15 or −105 ^13
17.7-19.3 GHz ^7, 8	Fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth) Inter-satellite	0°–3°	3°–12°	12°–25°	−105 ^16	1 MHz
		−120 ^16	−120 + (8/9) (δ − 3) ^16	−112 + (7/13) (δ − 12) ^16
19.3-19.7 GHz	Fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth) Inter-satellite	0°–3°	3°–12°	12°–25°	−105 ^16	1 MHz
		−120 ^16	−120 + (8/9) (δ − 3) ^16	−112 + (7/13) (δ − 12) ^16

TABLE 21-4 (continued) (Rev.WRC-23)

Frequency band	Service*	Limit in dB(W/m^2) for angles of arrival (δ) above the horizontal plane			Reference bandwidth
		0°–5°	5°–25°	25°–90°
19.3-19.7 GHz	Fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth)	−115 ^15	−115 + 0.5(δ − 5) ^15	−105 ^15	1 MHz
21.4-22 GHz (Regions 1 and 3)	Broadcasting-satellite
22.55-23.55 GHz	Earth exploration-satellite (space-to-Earth)
24.45-24.75 GHz	Inter-satellite
25.25-27.5 GHz	Space research (space-to-Earth)
27.500-27.501 GHz	Fixed-satellite (space-to-Earth)	−115	−115 + 0.5(δ − 5)	−105	1 MHz
27.5-30.0 GHz	Inter-satellite (non-geostationary satellite orbit)^26	−120	−120 + 0.5(δ − 5)	−110	1 MHz
…

MOD

¹³ 21.16.6 The function X is defined as a function of the number, N, of satellites in the non-geostationary satellite constellation in the fixed-satellite service and N_v, as follows:

where:

• N_v¹⁵⁾ is the maximum number of visible space stations – considering a minimum elevation angle equal to 0 degrees – from any location on the surface of the Earth and within the service area of the non-GSO system. N_v does not depend on latitude; it encompasses the maximum number of visible satellites across all latitudes within the service area of the relevant non-GSO system.

In the frequency band 18.8-19.3 GHz, these limits apply to emissions of any space station in a non-geostationary-satellite system

• in the fixed-satellite service for which complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, has been received by the Radiocommunication Bureau since 17 November 1995 and which was not operational by that date, and

• in the inter-satellite service. (WRC-23)

MOD

¹⁴ 21.16.6A These limits apply to emissions of a space station in the meteorological-satellite service and of a geostationary satellite in the fixed-satellite and inter-satellite services. They also apply to emissions of any space station in a non-geostationary-satellite system in the fixed-satellite service in the band 18.8-19.3 GHz for which complete coordination or notification information has been received by the Radiocommunication Bureau by 17 November 1995, or which was in operation by that date. (WRC-23)

MOD

¹⁶ 21.16.6C These limits apply to all space stations that use highly-inclined orbits having an apogee altitude greater than 18 000 km and an orbital inclination between 35° and 145° in the band 17.7-19.7 GHz in the fixed-satellite service and that are not covered by Resolution 147 (WRC-07), and for which complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, was received by the Radiocommunication Bureau after 16 November 2007, and in the inter-satellite service. (WRC-23)

ADD

²⁶ 21.16.19 The methodology included in Annex 2 to Resolution 679 (WRC-23) shall be applied to calculate the pfd produced at the surface of the Earth by emissions from a non-geostationary-satellite space station transmitting in the frequency band 27.5-30.0 GHz. (WRC-23)

Article 22 Space services¹

Section II − Control of interference to geostationary-satellite systems

MOD

22.5CA 2) The limits given in Tables 22-1A to 22-1E may be exceeded on the territory of any country whose administration has so agreed (see also Resolution 140 (Rev.WRC-23)). (WRC-23)

MOD

TABLE 22-1B (Rev.WRC-23) Limits to the epfd↓ radiated by non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service in certain frequency bands^{3, 6, 8, 37}

Frequency band (GHz)	epfd↓ (dB(W/m^2))	Percentage of time during which epfd↓ may not be exceeded	Reference bandwidth (kHz)	Reference antenna diameter and reference radiation pattern^7
17.3-17.7 in Region 2; 17.8-18.6	−175.4 −175.4 −172.5 −167 −164 −164	0 90 99 99.714 99.971 100	40	1 m Recommendation ITU-R S.1428-1
	−161.4 −161.4 −158.5 −153 −150 −150	0 90 99 99.714 99.971 100	1 000
	−178.4 −178.4 −171.4 −170.5 −166 −164 −164	0 99.4 99.9 99.913 99.971 99.977 100	40	2 m Recommendation ITU-R S.1428-1
	−164.4 −164.4 −157.4 −156.5 −152 −150 −150	0 99.4 99.9 99.913 99.971 99.977 100	1 000
	−185.4 −185.4 −180 −180 −172 −164 −164	0 99.8 99.8 99.943 99.943 99.998 100	40	5 m Recommendation ITU-R S.1428-1
	−171.4 −171.4 −166 −166 −158 −150 −150	0 99.8 99.8 99.943 99.943 99.998 100	1 000

ADD

³⁷ 22.5C.13 In Region 2, a non-geostationary-satellite system in the fixed-satellite service shall meet the limits of this table for the 17.3-17.7 GHz band with respect to geostationary-satellite systems in the broadcasting-satellite service and shall utilize the reference patterns of Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443-3. (WRC-23)

MOD

TABLE 22-3 (Rev.WRC-23) Limits to the epfd_is radiated by non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service in certain frequency bands^{19, 38}

Frequency band (GHz)	epfdis (dB(W/m^2))	Percentage of time during which epfdis level may not be exceeded	Reference bandwidth (kHz)	Reference antenna beamwidth and reference radiation pattern^20
10.7-11.7 (Region 1) 12.5-12.75 (Region 1) 12.7-12.75 (Region 2)	−160	100	40	4° Recommendation ITU-R S.672-4, Ls = −20
17.3-17.7 (Regions 1 and 2) 17.8-18.4	−160	100	40	4° Recommendation ITU-R S.672-4, Ls = −20

ADD

³⁸ 22.5F.4 A non-geostationary-satellite system operating in Region 1 or 2, at any position in the orbit, shall meet the limits of this table for the 17.3-17.7 GHz band with respect to a receiving space station in the broadcasting-satellite feeder link of Appendix 30A, in all three Regions. (WRC-23)

MOD

TABLE 22-4B (Rev.WRC-23) Operational limits to the epfd↓ radiated by non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service in certain frequency bands^{21, 25}

Frequency band (GHz)	epfd↓ (dB(W/m^2))	Percentage of time during which epfd↓ may not be exceeded	Reference bandwidth (kHz)	Geostationary-satellite system receive earth station antenna gain (dBi)	Orbital inclination of geostationary satellite (degrees)
19.7-20.2	−157 −157 −155	100 100 100	40 40 40	≥ 49 ≥ 43 ^25 ≥ 49	≤ 2.5 ≤ 2.5 > 2.5 and ≤ 4.5
19.7-20.2	−143 −143 −141	100 100 100	1 000 1 000 1 000	≥ 49 ≥ 43 ^25 ≥ 49	≤ 2.5 ≤ 2.5 > 2.5 and ≤ 4.5
17.3-17.7 in Region 2 17.8-18.6	−164 −162	100 100	40 40	≥ 49 ≥ 49	≤ 2.5 > 2.5 and ≤ 4.5
17.3-17.7 in Region 2 17.8-18.6	−150 −148	100 100	1 000 1 000	≥ 49 ≥ 49	≤ 2.5 > 2.5 and ≤ 4.5

ADD

Article 29B Radio service related to space weather observations

ADD

29B.1 § 1 Space weather sensors may operate under the meteorological aids service in the subset MetAids (space weather) allocations. (WRC-23)

ADD

29B.2 § 2 The importance of space weather observations and their service designation are highlighted in Resolution 675 (WRC-23). (WRC-23)

Article 31 Frequencies for the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)

Section II − Survival craft stations

MOD

31.7 2) Equipment for transmitting locating signals from survival craft stations shall be capable of operating in the frequency band 9 200-9 500 MHz or on 161.975 MHz (AIS 1 of Appendix 18) and 162.025 MHz (AIS 2 of Appendix 18). (WRC-23)

Article 32 Operational procedures for distress communications in the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) (WRC 07)

Section I − General

MOD

¹ 32.7.1 The use of the Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) and, where language difficulties exist, the International Code of Signals, both published by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), is also recommended. It should be noted that the pronunciations for figures in Appendix 14 and IMO SMCP are different. (WRC 23)

Section II − Distress alerting and distress calling (WRC 07)

32.8 A − General

MOD

32.10A § 7A 1) A distress alert is false if it was transmitted without any indication that a mobile unit or person was in distress and required immediate assistance (see No. 32.9). Administrations receiving a false distress alert shall report this infringement in accordance with Section V of Article 15, if that alert:

• a) was transmitted intentionally;

• b) was not cancelled in accordance with No. 32.53A and Resolution 349 (Rev.WRC-23);

• c) could not be verified as a result of either the ship’s failure to keep watch on appropriate frequencies in accordance with Nos. 31.16 to 31.20, or its failure to respond to calls from an authorized rescue authority;

• d) was repeated; or

• e) was transmitted using a false identity.

Administrations receiving such a report shall take appropriate steps to ensure that the infringement does not recur. No action should normally be taken against any ship or mariner for reporting and cancelling a false distress alert. (WRC 23)

32.11 B − Transmission of a distress alert or a distress call (WRC 07)

B1 − Transmission of a distress alert or a distress call by a ship station or a ship earth station (WRC 07)

MOD

32.12 § 8 Ship-to-shore distress alerts or calls are used to alert rescue coordination centres via coast stations or coast earth stations that a ship is in distress. These alerts are based on the use of transmissions via satellites (from a ship earth station or a satellite emergency position-indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB)) and terrestrial services (from ship stations). (WRC 23)

32.20 C − Receipt and acknowledgement of distress alerts and distress calls (WRC 07)

C1 − Procedure for acknowledgement of receipt of distress alerts or a distress call (WRC 07)

MOD

32.21A 2) When acknowledging receipt of a distress alert sent by DSC⁸, the acknowledgement in the terrestrial services shall be made by DSC or radiotelephony on the associated distress and safety frequency in the same band in which the distress alert was received, taking due account of the directions given in the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.493 and ITU-R M.541. (WRC 23)

MOD

32.23 § 15 When acknowledging by radiotelephony the receipt of a distress alert or a distress call from a ship station or a ship earth station, the acknowledgement should be given in the following form, taking into account Nos. 32.6 and 32.7:

• the distress signal “MAYDAY”;

• the name followed by the call sign, or the MMSI or other identification of the station sending the distress message;

• the words “THIS IS”;

• the name and call sign or other identification of the station acknowledging receipt;

• the word “RECEIVED”;

• the distress signal “MAYDAY”. (WRC 23)

SUP

32.24

C3 − Receipt and acknowledgement by a ship station or ship earth station (WRC 07)

MOD

32.31 2) However, in order to avoid making unnecessary or confusing transmissions in response, a ship station, which may be at a considerable distance from the incident, receiving an HF distress alert, shall not acknowledge it but shall observe the provisions of Nos. 32.36 and 32.37, and shall, if the distress alert is not acknowledged by a coast station within five minutes, relay the distress alert, but only to an appropriate coast station or coast earth station (see also Nos. 32.16 to 32.19H). (WRC 23)

MOD

32.34A § 21A However, unless instructed to do so by a coast station or a rescue coordination centre, a ship station may only send an acknowledgement by DSC in the event that:

• a) no acknowledgement by DSC from a coast station has been observed; and

• b) no other communication by radiotelephony to or from the vessel in distress has been observed; and

• c) at least five minutes have elapsed and the distress alert by DSC has been repeated (see No. 32.21A.1). (WRC 23)

32.36 D − Preparations for handling of distress traffic

SUP

32.38

Section III − Distress traffic

32.39 A − General and search and rescue coordinating communications

SUP

32.43

SUP

32.44

MOD

32.47 in radiotelephony, the signal SEELONCE MAYDAY, pronounced as the French expression “silence, m’aider”. (WRC 23)

SUP

32.48

MOD

32.52 § 32 In radiotelephony, the message referred to in No. 32.51 should consist of the following taking into account Nos. 32.6 and 32.7:

• the distress signal “MAYDAY”;

• the words “ALL STATIONS”, spoken three times;

• the words “THIS IS”;

• the name of the station sending that message, spoken three times;

• the call sign or other identification of the station sending the message;

• the time of handing in of the message;

• the MMSI (if the initial alert has been sent by DSC), the name and the call sign of the mobile station which was in distress;

• the words “SEELONCE FEENEE” pronounced as the French words “silence fini”. (WRC 23)

SUP

32.53

32.54 B − On-scene communications

MOD

32.56 2) Control of on-scene communications is the responsibility of the unit coordinating search and rescue operations¹⁰. Simplex communications shall be used so that all on-scene mobile stations may share relevant information concerning the distress incident. (WRC-23)

MOD

32.57 § 34 1) The preferred frequencies in radiotelephony for on-scene communications are 156.8 MHz and 2 182 kHz. (WRC 23)

MOD

32.59 § 35 The selection or designation of on-scene frequencies is the responsibility of the unit coordinating search and rescue operations¹⁰. Normally, once an on-scene frequency is established, a continuous aural watch is maintained by all participating on-scene mobile units on the selected frequency. (WRC-23)

32.60 C − Locating and homing signals

MOD

32.61 § 36 1) Locating signals are radio transmissions intended to facilitate the finding of a mobile unit in distress or the location of survivors. These signals include those transmitted by searching units, and those transmitted by the mobile unit in distress, by survival craft, by satellite emergency position-indicating radiobeacons (EPIRBs), by radar search and rescue transmitters (SARTs) and by automatic identification system search and rescue transmitters (AIS-SARTs) to assist the searching units. (WRC-23)

Article 33 Operational procedures for urgency and safety communications in the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)

Section II − Urgency communications

MOD

33.8 § 2 1) In a terrestrial system, urgency communications consist of an announcement, transmitted using digital selective calling, followed by the urgency call and message transmitted using radiotelephony or data. The announcement of the urgency message shall be made on one or more of the distress and safety calling frequencies specified in Section I of Article 31 using either digital selective calling and the urgency call format, or if not available, radio telephony procedures and the urgency signal. Announcements using digital selective calling should use the technical structure and content set forth in the most recent version of Recommendations ITU-R M.493 and ITU-R M.541. A separate announcement need not be made if the urgency message is to be transmitted through the maritime mobile-satellite service. (WRC-23)

MOD

33.12 § 6 The urgency call should consist of the following, taking into account Nos. 32.6 and 32.7:

• the urgency signal “PAN PAN”, spoken three times;

• the name of the called station or “ALL STATIONS”, spoken three times;

• the words “THIS IS”;

• the name of the station transmitting the urgency message, spoken three times;

• the call sign or any other identification;

• the MMSI (if the initial announcement has been sent by DSC),

followed by the urgency message or followed by the details of the channel to be used for the message in the case where a working channel is to be used.

In radiotelephony, on the selected working frequency, the urgency call and message consist of the following, taking into account Nos. 32.6 and 32.7:

• the urgency signal “PAN PAN”, spoken three times;

• the name of the called station or “ALL STATIONS”, spoken three times;

• the words “THIS IS”;

• the name of the station transmitting the urgency message, spoken three times;

• the call sign or any other identification;

• the MMSI (if the initial announcement has been sent by DSC);

• the text of the urgency message. (WRC-23)

SUP

33.13

SUP

33.17

SUP

33.18

Section III − Medical transports

MOD

33.20 § 11 1) For the purpose of announcing and identifying medical transports which are protected under the above-mentioned Conventions, the procedure of Section II of this Article is used. The urgency call shall be followed by the addition of the single word MAY-DEE-CAL pronounced as in French “médical”, in radiotelephony. (WRC-23)

Section IV − Safety communications

MOD

33.31 § 15 1) In a terrestrial system, safety communications consist of a safety announcement, transmitted using digital selective calling, followed by the safety call and message transmitted using radiotelephony or data. The announcement of the safety message shall be made on one or more of the distress and safety calling frequencies specified in Section I of Article 31 using either digital selective-calling techniques and the safety call format, or radiotelephony procedures and the safety signal. (WRC-23)

MOD

33.35 § 19 The complete safety call should consist of the following, taking into account Nos. 32.6 and 32.7:

• the safety signal “SECURITE”, spoken three times;

• the name of the called station or “ALL STATIONS”, spoken three times;

• the words “THIS IS”;

• the name of the station transmitting the safety message, spoken three times;

• the call sign or any other identification;

• the MMSI (if the initial announcement has been sent by DSC),

followed by the safety message or followed by the details of the channel to be used for the message in the case where a working channel is to be used.

In radiotelephony, on the selected working frequency, the safety call and message should consist of the following, taking into account Nos. 32.6 and 32.7:

• the safety signal “SECURITE”, spoken three times;

• the name of the called station or “ALL STATIONS”, spoken three times;

• the words “THIS IS”;

• the name of the station transmitting the safety message, spoken three times;

• the call sign or any other identification;

• the MMSI (if the initial alert has been sent by DSC);

• the text of the safety message. (WRC-23)

SUP

33.36

SUP

33.37

SUP

33.38

Section V − Transmission of maritime safety information²

33.39 A − General

ADD

33.40A § 21 The transmission of maritime safety information using the NAVTEX system and/or the NAVDAT system is the responsibility of the administration, which shall inform the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in order to update the IMO Master Plan of shore-based facilities for the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) (GMDSS Master Plan). (WRC-23)

MOD

33.41 § 22 The mode and format of the transmissions mentioned in Nos. 33.43, 33.45, 33.46, 33.46A2 and 33.48 should be in accordance with the relevant ITU-R Recommendations. (WRC-23)

33.42 B − International NAVTEX system

MOD

33.43 § 23 Where maritime safety information is transmitted using the international NAVTEX system, taking into account No. 33.40A, by means of narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy with forward error correction, the frequency 518 kHz shall be used (see Appendix 15). (WRC-23)

33.44 C − 490 kHz and 4 209.5 kHz

ADD

33.46A D − International NAVDAT system

ADD

33.46B § 24A Where maritime safety information is transmitted using the international NAVDAT system, taking into account No. 33.40A, the frequency 500 kHz and/or the frequency 4 226 kHz shall be used (see Appendix 15). (WRC-23)

MOD

33.47 E − High seas maritime safety information (WRC-23)

MOD

33.48 § 25 The transmission of maritime safety information by means of narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy with forward error correction uses the frequencies 4 210 kHz, 6 314 kHz, 8 416.5 kHz, 12 579 kHz, 16 806.5 kHz, 19 680.5 kHz, 22 376 kHz and 26 100.5 kHz. The transmission of maritime safety information by means of the NAVDAT system uses the frequencies 6 337.5 kHz, 8 443 kHz, 12 663.5 kHz, 16 909.5 kHz and 22 450.5 kHz. (WRC-23)

MOD

33.49 F − Maritime safety information via satellite (WRC-23)

MOD

33.50 § 26 Maritime safety information may be transmitted via satellite in the maritime mobile-satellite service using the frequency bands 1 530-1 545 MHz, 1 621.35-1 626.5 MHz and 2 483.59-2 499.91 MHz (see Appendix 15). For the maritime mobile-satellite service in the frequency band 2 483.59-2 499.91 MHz, Resolution 365 (WRC-23) applies when used for the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS). (WRC-23)

Section VII − Use of other frequencies for safety (WRC-07)

MOD

33.53 § 28 Radiocommunications for safety purposes concerning ship reporting communications, communications relating to the navigation, movements and needs of ships and weather observation messages may be conducted on any appropriate communications frequency, including those used for public correspondence. In terrestrial systems, the frequency bands 415-535 kHz (see Article 52), 1 606.5-4 000 kHz (see Article 52), 4 000-27 500 kHz (see Appendix 17) and 156-174 MHz (see Appendix 18) are used for this function. In the maritime mobile-satellite service, frequencies in the frequency bands 1 530-1 544 MHz, 1 614.4225-1 618.725 MHz or 1 616.3-1 620.38 MHz (Earth-to-space) (see resolves 5 of Resolution 365 (WRC-23)), 1 621.35-1 626.5 MHz, 1 626.5-1 645.5 MHz and 2 483.59-2 499.91 MHz (space-to-Earth) are used for this function as well as for distress alerting purposes (see No. 32.2). For the frequency bands 1 614.4225-1 618.725 MHz or 1 616.3-1 620.38 MHz (Earth-to-space) (see resolves 5 of Resolution 365 (WRC-23)) and 2 483.59-2 499.91 MHz (space-to-Earth) when used for the GMDSS, Resolution 365 (WRC-23) applies. (WRC-23)

Article 34 Alerting signals in the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)

MOD

Section I − Satellite emergency position-indicating radiobeacon signals (WRC-23)

MOD

34.1 § 1 The emergency position-indicating radiobeacon signal in the frequency band 406-406.1 MHz shall be in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.633-5. (WRC-23)

Article 47 Operator’s certificates

Section III − Conditions for the issuing of certificates

MOD

TABLE 47-1 (WRC-23) Requirements for radio electronic and operator’s certificates

The relevant certificate is issued to a candidate who has given proof of the technical and professional knowledge and qualifications enumerated below, as indicated by an asterisk in the appropriate box	1st-class radio electronic certificate	2nd-class radio electronic certificate	General operator’s certificate	Restricted operator’s certificate
Knowledge of the principles of electricity and the theory of radio and of electronics sufficient to meet the requirements specified below:	*	*
Theoretical knowledge of GMDSS radiocommunication equipment, including narrow-band direct-printing telegraph and radiotelephone transmitters and receivers, digital selective-calling equipment, ship earth stations, satellite emergency position-indicating radiobeacons, marine antenna systems, radio equipment for survival craft together with all auxiliary items, including power supplies, as well as general knowledge of the principles of other equipment generally used for radionavigation, with particular reference to maintaining equipment in service.	*
General theoretical knowledge of GMDSS radiocommunication equipment, including narrow-band direct-printing telegraph and radiotelephone transmitters and receivers, digital selective-calling equipment, ship earth stations (including telegraphy), satellite emergency position-indicating radio beacons, marine antenna systems, radio equipment for survival craft together with all auxiliary items, including power supplies, as well as general knowledge of the principles of other equipment generally used for radionavigation, with particular reference to maintaining equipment in service.		*

TABLE 47-1 (continued) (WRC-23)

The relevant certificate is issued to a candidate who has given proof of the technical and professional knowledge and qualifications enumerated below, as indicated by an asterisk in the appropriate box	1st-class radio electronic certificate	2nd-class radio electronic certificate	General operator’s certificate	Restricted operator’s certificate
Practical knowledge of the operation and knowledge of the preventive maintenance of the equipment indicated above.	*	*
Practical knowledge necessary for the location and repair (using appropriate testing equipment and tools) of faults in the equipment mentioned above which may occur during a voyage.	*
Practical knowledge necessary for effecting repairs in the case of faults in the equipment indicated above, using the means available on board and, if necessary, replacing modular units.		*
Detailed practical knowledge of the operation of all the GMDSS sub-systems and equipment.	*	*	*
Practical knowledge of the operation of all the GMDSS sub-systems and equipment which is required while the ship is within the range of VHF coast stations (see NOTE 1).				*
Ability to send and to receive correctly by radiotelephony and telegraphy to and from ship earth stations.	*	*	*
Ability to send and to receive correctly by radiotelephony.	*	*	*	*
Detailed knowledge of the regulations applying to radiocommunications, knowledge of the documents relating to charges for radiocommunications and knowledge of those provisions of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended which relate to radio.	*	*	*
Knowledge of the regulations applying to radiotelephone communications and specifically of that part of those regulations relating to the safety of life.				*
Sufficient knowledge of one of the working languages of the Union. Candidates should be able to express themselves satisfactorily in that language, both orally and in writing.	*	*	*

TABLE 47-1 (end) (WRC-23)

The relevant certificate is issued to a candidate who has given proof of the technical and professional knowledge and qualifications enumerated below, as indicated by an asterisk in the appropriate box	1st-class radio electronic certificate	2nd-class radio electronic certificate	General operator’s certificate	Restricted operator’s certificate
An elementary knowledge of one of the working languages of the Union. Candidates should be able to express themselves satisfactorily in that language, both orally and in writing. Administrations may waive the above language requirements for holders of a restricted operator’s certificate when the ship station is confined to a limited area specified by the administration concerned. In such cases the certificate shall be suitably endorsed.				*

NOTE 1 − A restricted operator’s certificate covers only the operation of GMDSS equipment required for GMDSS sea areas A1, and does not cover the operation of GMDSS A2/A3/A4 equipment fitted on a ship over and above the basic A1 requirements, even if the ship is in a sea area A1. GMDSS sea areas A1, A2, A3 and A4 are identified in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended.

NOTE 2 − (SUP - WRC-12)

Article 48 Personnel

Section II − Class and minimum number of personnel for ship stations and ship earth stations

MOD

48.7 § 5 The personnel of ship stations and ship earth stations for which a radio installation is not compulsory either under international agreements or national regulations and which use the frequencies and techniques prescribed in Chapter VII shall be adequately qualified and certificated in accordance with the administration’s requirements. Guidance concerning appropriate qualifications and certification is provided in Resolution 343 (Rev.WRC-12). That Resolution describes two appropriate certificates for use by personnel of ship stations and ship earth stations for which a radio installation is not compulsory. (WRC-23)

Article 51 Conditions to be observed in the maritime services

Section I − Maritime mobile service

51.24 C − Ship stations using digital selective calling

51.32 C3 − Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz

MOD

51.35 b) send and receive class F1B or J2B emissions on an international calling channel (specified in Recommendation ITU-R M.541-11) in each of the HF maritime mobile bands necessary for their service; (WRC-23)

51.39 CA − Ship stations using narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy

MOD

51.40 § 17 1) All ship stations using narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy equipment for general traffic should be able to send and receive on frequencies designated for narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy in the frequency bands in which they are operating. (WRC-23)

MOD

51.41 2) The characteristics of the narrow-band direct-printing equipment should be in accordance with the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.476, ITU-R M.625 and ITU-R M.627. (WRC-23)

51.42 CA1 − Bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz

MOD

51.44 a) send and receive class F1B or J2B emissions for general traffic on the working frequencies necessary to carry out their service; (WRC-23)

51.48 CA3 − Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz

MOD

51.49 § 20 All ship stations equipped with narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy apparatus for general traffic to work in the authorized bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz should be able to send and receive class F1B or J2B emissions on working frequencies in each of the HF maritime mobile bands necessary to carry out their service.

All ship stations equipped with narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy apparatus for receiving maritime safety information (MSI) to work in the authorized bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz shall be able to receive class F1B or J2B emissions on working frequencies in each of the HF maritime mobile bands necessary to carry out their service. (WRC-23)

ADD

51.49A Cbis – Ship stations using the automatic connection system (WRC-23)

ADD

51.49B The characteristics of the automatic connection system should be in accordance with the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.493 and ITU-R M.541. (WRC-23)

51.50 D − Ship stations using radiotelephony

51.59 D3 − Bands between 156 MHz and 174 MHz

ADD

51.64A E − Ship stations receiving data transmissions (WRC-23)

ADD

51.64B E1 − Bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz (WRC-23)

ADD

51.64C § 24A All ship stations equipped with NAVDAT apparatus for receiving digital data transmissions in the authorized bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz shall be capable of receiving class W7D emissions on 500 kHz, if complying with the provisions of Chapter VII. (WRC-23)

ADD

51.64D E2 − Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz (WRC-23)

ADD

51.64E § 24B All ship stations equipped with NAVDAT apparatus for receiving digital data transmissions in the authorized bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz shall be capable of receiving class W7D emissions, if complying with the provisions of Chapter VII. (WRC-23)

Article 52 Special rules relating to the use of frequencies

Section I − General provisions

52.4 B − Bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz

MOD

52.6 § 3 1) In the maritime mobile service, no assignments shall be made on the frequency 518 kHz other than for transmission by coast stations of meteorological and navigational warnings and urgent information to ships by means of automatic narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy (international NAVTEX system). In the maritime mobile service, no assignments shall be made on the frequency 500 kHz other than for transmission by coast stations of meteorological and navigational warnings and urgent information to ships by means of the international NAVDAT system. (WRC-23)

52.12 D − Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz

ADD

52.13A § 6A In the maritime mobile service, no assignments shall be made on the frequency 4 226 kHz other than for transmission by coast stations of meteorological and navigational warnings and urgent information to ships by means of the international NAVDAT system. (WRC-23)

Section III − Use of frequencies for narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy

52.96 B − Bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz

MOD

52.97 § 45 All ship stations equipped with narrow-band direct-printing apparatus for general traffic to work in the authorized bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz should be able to send and receive class F1B or J2B emissions as specified in No. 51.44. Additionally, ship stations complying with the provisions of Chapter VII shall be able to receive class F1B emissions on 518 kHz (see No. 51.45). (WRC-23)

52.99 C − Bands between 1 606.5 kHz and 4 000 kHz (WRC-03)

MOD

52.101 2) Narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy is forbidden in the frequency band 2 170-2 194 kHz. (WRC-23)

52.102 D − Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz

MOD

52.103 § 47 All ship stations equipped with narrow-band direct-printing telegraph apparatus for general traffic to work in the authorized bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz should be able to send and receive class F1B or J2B emissions as specified in No. 51.49. All ship stations equipped with narrow-band direct-printing telegraph apparatus for receiving MSI to work in the authorized frequency bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz shall be able to receive class F1B or J2B emissions as specified in No. 51.49. The assignable frequencies are indicated in Appendices 15 and 17. (WRC-23)

Section IV − Use of frequencies for digital selective-calling

52.110 A − General

MOD

52.111 § 50 The provisions described in this Section are applicable to calling and acknowledgement, when digital selective-calling techniques are used, except in cases of distress, urgency and safety, to which the provisions of Chapter VII apply. When an automatic connection system (ACS) is used, the provisions of Section IVA should apply. (WRC-23)

MOD

52.112 § 51 The characteristics of the digital selective-calling equipment shall be in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.541-11 and should be in accordance with the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.493. (WRC-23)

52.141 D − Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz

D2 − Call and acknowledgement

MOD

52.149 2) The international digital selective-calling frequencies shall be as indicated in Recommendation ITU-R M.541-11 and may be used by any ship station. In order to reduce interference on these frequencies, they shall only be used when calling cannot be made on nationally assigned frequencies. (WRC-23)

MOD

52.153 2) The international digital selective-calling frequencies shall be as indicated in Recommendation ITU-R M.541-11 and may be assigned to any coast station. In order to reduce interference on these frequencies, they may be used as a general rule by coast stations to call ships of another nationality, or in cases where it is not known on which digital selective-calling frequencies within the frequency bands concerned the ship station is maintaining watch. (WRC-23)

52.157 E − Bands between 156 MHz and 174 MHz

E3 − Watch

ADD

Section IVA − Use of frequencies for the automatic connection system (WRC-23)

ADD

52.162A A – General (WRC-23)

ADD

52.162B § 73A An automatic connection system (ACS) is an automatic connection function using digital selective calling (DSC) for shore-to-ship, ship-to-shore or ship-to-ship communication with the most appropriate working frequency (or channel) in the MF and HF bands of the maritime mobile service.

The procedure for ACS shall not interrupt a reliable watch on a 24-hour basis on appropriate DSC distress alerting frequencies unless the equipment is transmitting.

When an ACS is utilized, it should be in accordance with the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.493 and ITU-R M.541. (WRC-23)

ADD

52.162C B – Bands between 1.606.5 kHz and 4.000 kHz (WRC-23)

ADD

52.162D § 73B The automatic connection system (ACS) frequency used for transmitting and receiving for both ship stations and coast stations is 2 174.5 kHz. (WRC-23)

ADD

52.162E C – Bands between 4.000 kHz and 27.500 kHz (WRC-23)

ADD

52.162F § 73C The automatic connection system (ACS) frequencies used for transmitting and receiving for both ship stations and coast stations are 4 177.5 kHz, 6 268 kHz, 8 376.5 kHz, 12 520 kHz and 16 695 kHz. (WRC-23)

Section VI − Use of frequencies for radiotelephony

52.182 B − Bands between 1.606.5 kHz and 4.000 kHz (WRC-03)

B2 − Call and reply

MOD

52.189 § 87 1) The frequency 2 182 kHz¹ is an international distress frequency for radiotelephony (see Appendix 15 and Resolution 354 (Rev.WRC-23)). (WRC-23)

MOD

52.192 b) by coast stations to announce the transmission, on another frequency, of traffic lists as specified in Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1. (WRC-23)

MOD

52.195 § 89 1) Before transmitting on the carrier frequency 2 182 kHz, a station shall, in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1, listen on this frequency for a reasonable period to make sure that no distress traffic is being sent. (WRC-23)

B4 − Additional provisions applying to Region 1

MOD

52.213 2) In exceptional circumstances, if frequency usage according to Nos. 52.203 to 52.208 or No. 52.210 is not possible, a ship station may use one of its own assigned national ship-to-shore frequencies for communication with a coast station of another nationality, under the express condition that the coast station as well as the ship station shall take precautions, in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1, to ensure that the use of such a frequency will not cause harmful interference to the service for which the frequency in question is authorized. (WRC-23)

52.216 C − Bands between 4.000 kHz and 27.500 kHz

C2 − Call and reply

MOD

52.224 § 99 1) Before transmitting on the carrier frequencies 4 125 kHz, 6 215 kHz, 8 291 kHz, 12 290 kHz or 16 420 kHz, a station shall, in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1, listen on the frequency for a reasonable period to make sure that no distress traffic is being sent (see No. 52.221A). (WRC-23)

52.230 D − Bands between 156 MHz and 174 MHz

D1 − Call and reply

MOD

52.234 b) by coast stations to announce the transmission on another frequency of traffic lists, in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1, and important maritime information. (WRC-23)

MOD

52.240 8) Before transmitting on the frequency 156.8 MHz, a station shall, in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1, listen on this frequency for a reasonable period to make sure that no distress traffic is being sent. (WRC-23)

Section VII – Use of frequencies for data transmissions (WRC-12)

52.261 A – General (WRC-12)

ADD

52.262A B – Bands between 415 kHz and 526.5 kHz (WRC-23)

ADD

B1 – Mode of operation of stations (WRC-23)

ADD

52.262B The class of emission to be used for data transmissions in the frequency bands between 415 kHz and 526.5 kHz should be in accordance with the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.2010. Coast stations and ship stations should use radio systems specified in the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.2010. (WRC-23)

MOD

52.263 C – Bands between 4.000 kHz and 27.500 kHz (WRC-23)

MOD

C1 – Mode of operation of stations (WRC-23)

MOD

52.264 The class of emission to be used for data transmissions in the frequency bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz should be in accordance with the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.1798 or ITU-R M.2058. Coast stations and ship stations should use radio systems specified in the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.1798 or ITU-R M.2058. (WRC-23)

ADD

52.265A Coast stations employing the class of emission in accordance with the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.2058 in the frequency bands between 4.000 kHz and 27.500 kHz shall not exceed a mean power in the following values:

Band	Maximum mean power
4 MHz	5 kW
6 MHz	5 kW
8 MHz	10 kW
12 MHz	10 kW
16 MHz	10 kW
18/19 MHz	10 kW
22 MHz	10 kW	(WRC-23)

Article 54 Selective calling

MOD

54.2 2) Selective calling is carried out using a digital selective-calling system which shall be in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R M.541-11, and may be in accordance with the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.493. (WRC-23)

ADD

Article 54A Automatic connection system

ADD

54A.1 § 1 1) An automatic connection system (ACS) using digital selective calling in MF and HF bands is designed to ensure reliable access to required radio links for mariners. (WRC-23)

ADD

54A.2 2) Automatic connection system (ACS) should be in accordance with the most recent versions of Recommendations ITU-R M.541 and ITU-R M.493. (WRC-23)

Article 57 Radiotelephony

MOD

57.1 § 1 The procedure detailed in Recommendation ITU-R M.1171-1 shall be applicable to radiotelephone stations, except in cases of distress, urgency or safety. (WRC-23)

Article 59 Entry into force and provisional application of the Radio Regulations (WRC-12)

MOD

59.1 These Regulations, which complement the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, and as revised and contained in the Final Acts of WRC-95, WRC-97, WRC-2000, WRC-03, WRC-07, WRC-12, WRC-15, WRC-19 and WRC-23, shall be applied, pursuant to Article 54 of the Constitution, on the following basis. (WRC-23)

ADD

59.17 The other provisions of these Regulations, as revised by WRC-23, shall enter into force on 1 January 2025, with the following exceptions: (WRC-23)

ADD

59.18 – the revised provisions for which other effective dates of application are stipulated in Resolution:

99 (Rev.WRC-23) (WRC-23)

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the delegates of the Member States of the International Telecommunication Union named below have, on behalf of their respective competent authorities, signed one copy of these Final Acts. In case of dispute, the French text shall prevail. This copy shall remain deposited in the archives of the Union.

DONE AT Dubai, 15 December 2023

---

Declarations and Reservations¹⁾

The Conference takes note of the following declarations and reservations, which form part of the Final Acts, at the time of their signature.

1

Original: Spanish

For the Republic of Paraguay:

The delegation of the Republic of Paraguay, in signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), declares that it reserves for its Government the right:

• to take any measures it considers necessary to safeguard its interests, should other members of the International Telecommunication Union fail in any way to comply with the final acts, or should reservations by other Members jeopardize the smooth operation of its telecommunication services or its full sovereign rights; and

• to enter additional declarations or reservations to the international instruments constituting these final acts at any time it deems appropriate between the date of the signature and the date of the possible ratification thereof, in accordance with the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969.

2

Original: English

For Georgia:

At the ITU World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23 - Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 20 November to 15 December 2023) the delegation of Georgia makes the following statement:

• 1. The Government of Georgia is deprived of the possibility to exercise its de facto jurisdiction over the entire territory of Georgia within its internationally recognized borders, among them in the sector of Telecommunication and Information Technologies, as a result of continuous military aggression against Georgia and the illegal occupation of Georgia’s indivisible regions of Abkhazia and Tskhinvali region/South Ossetia by the Russian Federation, which further continues in blatant violation of the fundamental principles and norms of international law, the Helsinki Final Act, the UN Charter and UN Security Council Resolutions.

• 2. Any action with or/and in the illegally occupied regions of Georgia in the sector of Telecommunication and Information Technologies, can be carried out only in full respect for the Constitution and Legislation of Georgia, the acts of the International Telecommunication Union and the fundamental principles and norms of international law. All other cases represent illegal action and violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Georgia.

• 3. With the aim to protect the national interests and sovereignty of the State, Georgia reserves its legitimate right to use legal instruments in cases when a Member State of the International Telecommunication Union does not comply with the obligations under the International Telecommunication Union’s Constitution, Convention, Acts and the fundamental principles and norms of international law; by its statements and actions directly or indirectly endangers the normal functioning of the networks and facilities of the in the sector of Telecommunication and Information Technologies, on the whole territory of Georgia, and undermines Georgia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.

3

Original: English

For the Republic of South Africa:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference held in Dubai in 2023, the South African delegation, after taking note of the declarations made by other participating administrations, hereby declares:

• 1. that it reserves the Government of the Republic of South Africa’s right to take any such action as it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member of the Union, in any way, fail to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, the Radio Regulations of the ITU and the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference, (Dubai, 2023);

• 2. should any reservation by a member of the Union, directly or indirectly, affect the operation of its telecommunication/ICTs services or sovereignty, the Republic of South Africa reserves its right to take any action it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests;

• 3. the Republic of South Africa reiterates and incorporates by reference, all declarations made at all prior World Radiocommunication Conferences; and

• 4. the delegation of the Republic of South Africa reserves the right of its Government to make any such additional declarations and reservations as may be necessary up to, and including, the time of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference, (Dubai, 2023).

4

Original: English

For the Republic of India:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of India reserves for its Government, the right to take such actions, as may be considered necessary, to safeguard its interests, should any administration make reservation and/or not accept the provisions of the Final Acts or fail to comply with one or more provisions of the Final Acts, including those which form a part of the Radio Regulations.

5

Original: Chinese

For the People’s Republic of China:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the People’s Republic of China declares:

The Chinese delegation reserves the right of its Government to take any measures and actions it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests should other Member States of the International Telecommunication Union in any way fail to comply with or implement the provisions of the Final Acts or the Radio Regulations, or should reservations or declarations made by other Member States jeopardize the legitimate rights and interests of China with regard to its use of radio spectrum and satellite orbit resources or the security and proper operation of its radio services and telecommunication services, or affect the sovereignty, security, development interests and jurisdiction of China. In addition, the Chinese delegation maintains the position of the Chinese Government as stated in the declaration made at the Plenipotentiary Conference (Nairobi, 1982). It also reserves the right of its Government to make any additional reservations it may consider necessary up to and at the time of depositing its instruments of consent to be bound by the revisions of the Radio Regulations adopted by the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

6

Original: English

For Malaysia:

The delegation of Malaysia to the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023):

• 1. reserves the right of its Government to take any action or preservation measures it deems necessary to safeguard its national interest should the Final Acts drawn up by the World Radiocommunication Conference in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Dubai, 2023) directly or indirectly affect its sovereignty or be in contravention with the Federal Constitution of Malaysia and its existing laws and regulations and may result from any principles of international law or should reservations by any Member of the Union jeopardize Malaysia’s telecommunications, communications and multimedia services or lead to an increase in its contributory share towards defraying the expenses of the Union;

• 2. further reserves the right of its Government to make such reservations as may be necessary up to and including the time of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Dubai, 2023); and

• 3. declares that the signing of these Final Acts by the delegation of Malaysia is not valid with respect to the Member appearing under the name of Israel, and in no way implies its recognition.

7

Original: Arabic

For the Sultanate of Oman:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), the delegation of the Sultanate of Oman reserves for its Government the right:

• to take any actions and measures it may deem necessary and appropriate to protect and safeguard its national interests, should these be harmed by any resolution adopted by this Conference or should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to respect fully the provisions of the instruments amending the Constitution and Convention of ITU or the annexes, protocols or regulations annexed thereto, including the Resolutions of the Final Acts, or to comply with them, or should reservations by any Member State jeopardize in any way the smooth operation of the radiocommunication services of the Sultanate of Oman;

• to apply the adopted provisions of the Radio Regulations, which have been revised and updated at this Conference, in accordance with its obligations under the policy of the communications sector in force in the Sultanate of Oman, including the relevant regulations, rules and resolutions;

• to express any additional reservations that it may deem necessary up to the time of its ratification of the Final Acts of this Conference.

8

Original: French

For the Togolese Republic:

In signing these Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), the delegation of the Togolese Republic declares that it does not accept any consequences of the reservations entered by other governments and that it reserves for its Government the right:

• 1. not to apply any provisions of these Final Acts that are contrary to its Constitution, national legislation or international commitments. It furthermore reserves the right not to apply these Acts to any other country or party that is in breach of or fails to apply them, regardless of whether that other country or party is a signatory thereto;

• 2. to take any measure it may consider necessary to safeguard its rights and interests should reservations by any party directly or indirectly jeopardize the smooth operation of its telecommunication services or infringe the sovereignty of the Togolese Republic.

In addition, the delegation of the Togolese Republic reserves for its Government the right to enter any additional reservations that may become necessary up to and at the time of its ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23).

9

Original: Spanish

For the Eastern Republic of Uruguay:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Eastern Republic of Uruguay declares that it reserves for its Government the right:

• to take any action it considers necessary to safeguard its interests, should other Members of the International Telecommunication Union fail in any way to comply with the Final Acts, the annexes thereto and the Radio Regulations, or should reservations by other Members jeopardize the proper functioning of its telecommunication services or its full sovereign rights;

• to enter additional reservations, under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969, to the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), at any time it deems appropriate between the date of the signature and the date of the possible ratification of the international instruments constituting these Final Acts.

10

Original: Spanish

For Chile:

The Republic of Chile, having participated in the World Radiocommunication Conference, held in the city of Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from 20 November to 15 December 2023, reserves for its Government the right to enter, under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969, reservations to the Final Acts at any time it considers appropriate, between the date of signature and the date of possible ratification of the international instruments constituting the said Final Acts.

11

Original: Arabic

For the Syrian Arab Republic:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, WRC-23), the delegation of the Syrian Arab Republic reserves for its Government, at the time of ratification of the Final Acts, the following rights:

• to confirm all written and oral declarations submitted by its delegation and to register any other additional reservations at the time of ratification;

• to take any measures it deems necessary to protect its interests, particularly its sovereign right to protect its wireless stations on its territory from harmful interference and its territory from any wireless transmission that is incompatible with its sovereign rights or that would endanger its security or its cultural values.

The signature of these Final Acts shall be considered valid only in respect of Member States of the International Telecommunication Union recognized by the Syrian Arab Republic.

12

Original: English

For Ukraine:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) of the International Telecommunication Union, the delegation of the Government of Ukraine declares the following.

Since 20 February 2014, the Russian Federation, in violation of the fundamental principles and norms of international law, has been carrying out an act of armed aggression on the territory of Ukraine, and since 24 February 2022 – a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, as a result of which the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol and certain districts of the Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhya regions have been illegally occupied.

Ukraine is suffering from attacks on its critical telecommunication infrastructure, disruption of telecommunication services and mobile networks as a result of the ongoing war of aggression waged by the Russian Federation.

In addition, the equipment of Ukrainian operators in the temporarily occupied territories has been confiscated and Ukraine’s radio-frequency resources are being used illegally. This includes spreading disinformation that supports Russian aggression and encourages hatred against Ukraine and Ukrainians. The international community is also affected by unauthorized emissions from these areas, causing harmful interference to mobile satellite beacons used in emergency situations and search and rescue operations.

The actions of Russia, as a Member State of ITU, are in violation of the fundamental requirements established by the Constitution, the ITU Convention and the ITU Radio Regulations with regard to respecting the sovereign right of each Member State to regulate the radio-frequency sector within its internationally recognized borders, as well as relevant international agreements, multilateral and bilateral treaties.

We would like to refer again to the following UN General Assembly Resolutions 68/262 “Territorial integrity of Ukraine”, 71/205, 72/190, 73/263, 74/168, 75/192, 76/179, 77/229 “Situation of human rights in the temporarily occupied Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)”, 73/194, 74/17, 75/29, 76/70 “The problem of militarization of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine), as well as parts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov”, “The problem of militarization of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, Ukraine, as well as parts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov”, as well as Resolutions 11 of the Extraordinary Special Session of the UN General Assembly 11/1 of 2 March 2022 “Aggression against Ukraine”, 11/2 of 24 March 2022 “Humanitarian consequences of the aggression against Ukraine”, 11/4 of 12 October 2022 “Territorial integrity of Ukraine”: “Protecting the principles of the UN Charter”, 11/5 of 14 November 2022 “Promoting the implementation of legal remedies and providing reparations for the aggression against Ukraine”, 11/6 of 23 February 2023 “Principles of the UN Charter underpinning a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine”.

In the mentioned document, the General Assembly restated its dedication to Ukraine’s sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity within recognized borders, including territorial waters. It outlined steps to halt Russia’s aggression, restore peace, and uphold Ukraine’s territorial integrity for global security. The resolution reiterated the call for Russia to promptly withdraw troops from Ukraine’s internationally recognized borders and halt hostilities. Emphasis was placed on releasing prisoners of war and unlawfully detained individuals, as well as allowing the return of civilians forcibly deported from Ukraine. The document also condemned Russian aggression, particularly attacks on critical infrastructure and the high number of civilian casualties.

The Ukrainian Government’s delegation restates and includes all previous declarations and reservations made during past World Radiocommunication Conferences. Additionally, it incorporates Declaration 35 from the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference held in Bucharest in 2023 by reference.

Given the above, the Ukrainian Government’s delegation states that Ukraine reserves the right:

• to take any necessary measures to safeguard its interests if other International Telecommunication Union Member States do not comply with the ITU Constitution and Convention, ITU Radio Regulations, and these Final Acts. This includes situations where declarations and reservations by other Member States threaten the proper functioning of radiocommunication services in the territory of Ukraine or violate the exercise of any of its sovereign rights;

• to take necessary actions to safeguard its interests if other ITU Member States employ radiocommunication services for purposes inconsistent with the principles outlined in the Preamble to the ITU Constitution and the provisions of the Radio Regulations. This includes situations where Member States establish or operate transmitters within Ukraine’s internationally recognized borders without its consent.

With regard to the assignment, allocation, international coordination and notification of the use of radio-frequency resources (including, if necessary, identification means) within the territory of Ukraine, including the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine – the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol and certain districts of the Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhya regions, the delegation of the Government of Ukraine:

• emphasizes that such assignments, allocations, international coordination and notification of frequencies are the sovereign right of Ukraine and are carried out only by the Administration of Ukraine;

• declares that any related submissions by the occupying power to ITU or any ITU Member State concerning the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine are contrary to the provisions of the ITU Constitution and Radio Regulations, violate the provisions of the above-mentioned UN General Assembly Resolutions and ignore the agreed statement of the ITU Secretary-General at the 2014 Plenipotentiary Conference (Document PP14/174, Annex B) and the statement of the ITU Secretary-General published in the ITU Operational Bulletin No. 1158 of 15 October 2018.

13

Original: English

For the European Union and its 27 member states, and the Republic of Albania, the Principality of Andorra, Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, the United States of America, Georgia, the State of Israel, Japan, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Republic of North Macedonia, the Republic of Moldova, Montenegro, Norway, New Zealand, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Confederation of Switzerland and Ukraine:

On 20 February 2014, the Russian Federation, in violation of international law, committed unprovoked aggression against Ukraine and on 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

We strongly condemn the Russian Federation’s temporary occupation of part of Ukraine’s territory, including the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, and certain areas of the Kherson, Zaporizhzhia, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions, and call on the international community to continue to support Ukraine in defending its sovereignty and territorial integrity.

Ukraine continues to suffer from the Russian Federation’s attacks damaging its critical telecommunication infrastructure, disrupting services and the quality of fixed and mobile communications, television and radio broadcasting, and emergency communications. In addition, in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, the Russian Federation’s actions have had a devastating impact on the exercise of Ukraine’s sovereign right to regulate telecommunications within its internationally recognized territory. The Russian Federation, as a Member State of ITU, fails to respect the fundamental principles set out in ITU’s Constitution, Convention and other documents, in particular with regard to the sovereign right of each Member State to regulate the radio-frequency resource within its internationally recognized borders.

We recall the UN General Assembly resolution ES-11/1 of 2 March 2022, entitled “Aggression against Ukraine”, and all other resolutions adopted at the eleventh emergency special session of the UN General Assembly, which unequivocally reaffirmed the support for the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders, extending to its territorial waters.

We encourage ITU and its Member States to continue to actively support initiatives and measures aimed at restoring and strengthening the telecommunication sector of Ukraine throughout its territory and call for technical assistance to restore communications and communication systems.

Noting the important role of ITU in ensuring international coordination and cooperation in the field of telecommunications, we call upon ITU and its Member States to continue to use all possible means and mechanisms to address the situation in Ukraine and to contribute to the restoration of peace and stability in the region.

We welcome the ITU Secretary-General’s statement to the 2014 Plenipotentiary Conference in Busan, published in document PP-14/174, Annex B, the Statement by the ITU Secretary-General, published in the ITU Operational Bulletin No. 1158 of 15 October 2018 and the ITU Council Resolution 1408 “Assistance and support to Ukraine for rebuilding their telecommunication sector”. In this regard, we request the ITU Secretary-General and the Directors of the three Bureaux to continue to assist Ukraine in ensuring the use of its radio-frequency resources in accordance with the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union and the Radio Regulations.

In concluding this Statement, we, the delegation of the Government of Ukraine and the delegations of other ITU Member States, urge the Russian Federation to heed to the numerous demands of the international community to immediately cease its use of force against Ukraine and to immediately, completely and unconditionally withdraw all of its military forces from the territory of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders. We call on the Russian Federation to respect in full its obligations, including those arising from its membership in ITU.

We believe that peace and stability in Ukraine are key to ensuring prosperity and security in the region and the world, and we call on all ITU Member States to promote a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine, consistent with the UN Charter, including the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States.

14

Original: Arabic

For the Kingdom of Bahrain:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Kingdom of Bahrain declares as follows:

• 1. that it reserves for the Kingdom of Bahrain the full right to take any actions, measures and/or precautions it deems necessary to safeguard and protect its national interests should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to respect fully or comply with the provisions and Resolutions of the Final Acts, or should any actions or reservations by any Member State, during or after the conference, jeopardize in any way the proper functioning of the telecommunication services of the Kingdom of Bahrain;

• 2. that the Kingdom of Bahrain further reserves the right to amend previous reservations and declarations and to enter additional reservations or declarations when depositing with ITU its consent to be bound by the revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted by the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023);

• 3. to accept or not accept any financial consequences that may arise from such reservations.

15

Original: Spanish

For the Argentine Republic:

The Argentine Republic reaffirms its legitimate sovereign interests over the Malvinas Islands, the South Georgia Islands and the South Sandwich Islands and the surrounding maritime areas, which form an integral part of its national territory and, being illegitimately occupied by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, are the subject of a sovereignty dispute.

The United Nations General Assembly has adopted resolutions 2065 (XX), 3160 (XVIII), 31/49, 37/9, 38/12, 39/6, 40/21, 41/40, 42/19 and 43/25, recognizing the existence of a sovereignty dispute referred to as the Question of the Malvinas Islands and urging the Governments of the Argentine Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to resume negotiations aimed at finding a peaceful, fair and definitive solution to that dispute as swiftly as possible.

For its part, the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization has made repeated pronouncements along the same lines, most recently through a resolution adopted on 20 June 2023. Moreover, the General Assembly of the Organization of American States on 23 June 2023 adopted a further statement on the question, referred to as an enduring hemispheric concern.

Similarly, the Argentine Republic declares that no provision in these Final Acts of the Radiocommunication Conference shall be interpreted or applied so as to affect its rights with respect to the Argentine Antarctic Sector, located between the meridians of twenty-five degrees (25°) and seventy-four degrees (74°) longitude west and the parallel of sixty degrees (60°) latitude south, over which it has proclaimed and maintains its sovereignty.

16

Original: English

For Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein and Norway:

The delegations of the above-mentioned Member States of the European Economic Area declare that they will apply the revision of the Radio Regulations adopted at the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) in accordance with their obligations under the Treaty establishing the European Economic Area.

17

Original: English

For Belize:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Belize reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if another Member State of the International Telecommunication Union in any way fails to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts or if the reservations made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Belize or its full sovereign rights.

The delegation of Belize further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification for amendments to the Radio Regulations adopted at this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

18

Original: French

For the Republic of Burundi:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Burundi makes the following official declaration:

• 1. The delegation of Burundi reserves for its Government the right to take all measures it may deem necessary, in accordance with national legislation and the international treaties to which Burundi is party, to safeguard its national interests should a Member State of the International Telecommunication Union fail to abide by or comply with the provisions of these Final Acts.

• 2. The delegation of Burundi further reserves for its Government the right to enter additional reservations or declarations when ratifying the Final Acts of this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

• 3. The delegation of Burundi reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it may deem necessary and appropriate to safeguard its national interests and rights with respect to radiocommunications should they be affected or jeopardized, directly or indirectly, by reservations entered by others.

19

Original: English

For the Kingdom of Cambodia:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Kingdom of Cambodia reserves for the its Government the right to take any action that it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member State fail in any way to comply with the provisions of these Final Acts and the requirements of the Constitution and the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, as amended by the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Minneapolis, 1998), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Marrakesh, 2002), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Antalya, 2006), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Guadalajara, 2010), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Busan, 2014), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Dubai, 2018), the Plenipotentiary Conference (Bucharest, 2022) or the annexes thereto, or should reservations by other countries jeopardize its interests in any way.

20

Original: English

For the Republic of Singapore:

The delegation of the Republic of Singapore reserves for its Government the right to take any action which it considers necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member of the Union fail in any way to comply with the requirements of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), or should reservations by any Member of the Union jeopardize the Republic of Singapore’s telecommunication services, affect its sovereignty or lead to an increase in its contributory share towards defraying the expenses of the Union.

21

Original: Arabic

For the State of Qatar:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the State of Qatar declares that its signature and possible ratification by its Government of the Final Acts of this Conference are not valid for the Union member under the name “Israel”, and in no way whatsoever imply its recognition by the State of Qatar.

22

Original: Arabic

For the State of Qatar:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the State of Qatar reserves for its Government the following rights:

• 1. to take any measures it may deem necessary to protect its interests, should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to respect, in any way, the provisions of the ITU Constitution and Convention, the Radio Regulations or these Final Acts, or should reservations or declarations by any Member State jeopardize the smooth operation of radiocommunication services in the territory of the State of Qatar or infringe the full exercise of its sovereign rights.

• 2. In considering the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the State of Qatar may find it necessary to make additional declarations or reservations. Accordingly, the State of Qatar reserves the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification of these revisions of the Radio Regulations.

• 3. The State of Qatar reiterates and incorporates by reference all declarations and reservations made at prior world radiocommunication conferences.

23

Original: English

For Sweden:

Sweden shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference without specific notification to the International Telecommunication Union by Sweden of its consent to be bound.

24

Original: Arabic

For the State of Libya:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), the delegation of the State of Libya reserves for its Government the right to take any measure it deems necessary to protect its interests:

• should any member fail to comply with the provisions of the present Final Acts;

• should the application of certain provisions in the present Final Acts jeopardize the operation and development of communication and informatics services and networks in Libya;

• should the application of certain provisions in the present Final Acts affect, in any way, national interests, national security or the authority of the Government to regulate all communication activities carried out by any natural or legal person.

The delegation of the State of Libya recalls that, should any member enter reservations regarding the application of one or more provisions of the present Final Acts, Libya shall not be bound to respect the provision or provisions in question in regard to the member that entered the reservation.

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Original: Arabic

For the State of Kuwait:

The delegation of the State of Kuwait, in signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), reserves for the State of Kuwait the full right to take any actions or measures it deems necessary to protect its national interests should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to respect fully or to apply the provisions of the ITU Constitution and Convention, the Radio Regulations and the provisions and Resolutions of the Final Acts of WRC-23, or should any actions or reservations by any State, during or after the Conference, jeopardize in any way the telecommunication services of the State of Kuwait.

26

Original: English

For the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the Delegation of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam declares that:

• 1. It maintains the reservations made by Viet Nam at the Nairobi Plenipotentiary Conference (1982) and reaffirmed at the Nice (1989), Geneva (1992), Kyoto (1994), Minneapolis (1998), Marrakesh (2002), Antalya (2006), Guadalajara (2010), Busan (2014), Dubai (2018) and Bucharest (2022) Plenipotentiary Conferences.

• 2. All of Viet Nam’s technical activities are conducted on the basis of Viet Nam’s sovereignty, sovereignty rights and jurisdiction over its maritime zones established in accordance with the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

• 3. It reserves for its Government the right to take any measures and actions as it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if another Member of the International Telecommunication Union should in any way fail to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts or the Radio Regulations or if the reservation or declaration made by any Members of the Union should be prejudicial to the operation of telecommunication/information and communication technology services of Viet Nam or infringe fundamental principles of laws and public order of Viet Nam.

• 4. It reserves for its Government the right to make any further declaration or reservation at the time of its approval of these Final Acts.

27

Original: English

For Malawi:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023, Dubai; UAE, the delegation of the Republic of Malawi declares as follows:

• a) that it reserves the rights of its Government to take any measures which it deems necessary to safeguard and protect its interests on the decisions taken by the conference in modifying, amending, deleting and adding provisions, footnotes, tables, resolutions and recommendations in the World Radiocommunications, should any Member of the Conference fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts, Annexes and the Conference thereto, or infringe the full exercise of the sovereign rights of the Republic of Malawi;

• b) that the delegation of the Republic of Malawi further reserves the rights of its Government to make additional declarations or reservations as may be necessary when depositing its instruments of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023, Dubai; UAE.

28

Original: English

For the Republic of Indonesia:

On behalf of the Republic of Indonesia, the delegation of the Republic of Indonesia to the International Telecommunication Union World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23) (Dubai, 2023):

• reserves the right for its Government to take any action and preservation measures it deems necessary to safeguard its national interests should any provision of the Final Acts (Articles, Appendices, Resolutions, and Recommendations) as well as any decision of the International Telecommunication Union World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23) (Dubai, 2023), directly or indirectly affect its sovereignty or be in contravention to the Constitution, Laws and Regulations of the Republic of Indonesia as well as the existing rights acquired by the Republic of Indonesia as a party to other treaties and conventions and any principles of international law;

• further reserves the right for its Government to take any action and preservation measures it deems necessary to safeguard its national interests should any Member in any way fail to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts (Articles, Appendices, Resolutions, and Recommendations) as well as any decision of the International Telecommunication Union World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23) (Dubai, 2023) or should the consequences of reservations by any Member jeopardize its telecommunications/ICT services or result in an unacceptable increase of its contributory share towards defraying expenses of the Union.

29

Original: French

For the Republic of Senegal:

• 1. In signing the present Final Acts, the delegation of the Republic of Senegal declares on behalf of its Government that it does not accept any consequences of reservations entered by other governments.

• 2. In addition, the Republic of Senegal reserves the right:

  • a) to take any measures it may deem appropriate to safeguard its interests should any Members fail to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) or of the annexes and resolutions attached thereto, or should reservations entered by other countries be such as to jeopardize the smooth operation of its telecommunication facilities and services;

  • b) to accept or reject the consequences of certain decisions that might threaten its sovereignty.

30

Original: Spanish

For the Republic of Colombia:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Colombia:

• 1. declares that it reserves for its Government the right:

  • a) to take any measures it considers necessary, in conformity with its domestic legislation and international law, to safeguard its national interests should other members fail to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), or should reservations by representatives of other States jeopardize the telecommunication services of the Republic of Colombia or its full sovereign rights;

  • b) to enter reservations, under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969, with regard to the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), at any time it deems appropriate between the date of the signature and the date of the possible ratification of the international instruments constituting those Final Acts;

• 2. reaffirms, in their essence, reservations Nos. 40 and 79 entered at the World Administrative Radio Conference (Geneva, 1979), and reservation No. 74 entered at the World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007), especially with regard to the new provisions included in the documents of the Final Acts;

• 3. declares that the Republic of Colombia shall only be bound by the instrument contained in the Final Acts insofar as it expressly and duly consents to be bound by that international instrument, and subject to the completion of the appropriate constitutional procedures;

• 4. declares that, pursuant to its constitutional requirements, its Government cannot give provisional effect to the international instruments which constitute the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

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Original: English

For the Republic of Azerbaijan:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Azerbaijan declares that it reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member States of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in any way fail or cease to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the ITU, the Radio Regulations and the Final Acts of this Conference, or should the reservations and declarations by other countries jeopardize the smooth operation of its telecommunication services or infringe the full exercise of the sovereign rights of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

The Republic of Azerbaijan further declares that it reserves the right to take any actions and measures it may deem appropriate to ensure its interests, particularly its sovereign rights to regulate its telecommunication sector, if other Member States of the ITU deploy any telecommunication services or operate any radiocommunication equipment contrary to the fundamental principles set forth in the legal instruments of the ITU, as well as the national legislation and regulations of the Republic of Azerbaijan within its sovereign territory.

The Republic of Azerbaijan reiterates and incorporates by reference all reservations and declarations made at prior world radiocommunication conferences.

The Republic of Azerbaijan shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference without specific notification to the ITU by the Republic of Azerbaijan of its consent to be bound.

The Republic of Azerbaijan reserves the right to amend its reservations and declarations and to make any further reservation and declaration at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification of revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference.

32

Original: Arabic

For Tunisia:

In considering the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Tunisian Republic officially declares as follows:

• 1. The delegation of the Tunisian Republic reserves for its Government the right to take any measure it deems appropriate to protect its interests should these be harmed as a result of any resolution adopted by this Conference, or should any country or administration fail in any way to comply with the provisions of the instruments amending the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) or the annexes, protocols or regulations annexed thereto, or the Final Acts of this Conference, or should any reservations or declarations or additional reservations or declarations by any country or administration jeopardize the smooth and efficient operation of telecommunication services in the Republic or infringe the full exercise of its sovereign rights.

• 2. The Administration of the Tunisian Republic reserves the right to use the 3 300-3 400 MHz band for international mobile telecommunications in its territory with full respect for the rules of ITU and without infringing the rights of any neighbouring country.

• 3. The Administration of the Tunisian Republic reserves the right to take any measures it considers necessary to safeguard its interests with regard to the occupation and use of geostationary orbital positions and the associated radio frequencies, as well as with regard to the use of the radio spectrum to provide telecommunication services, should procedures relating to the coordination, notification or registration of associated frequency assignments meet with delays or be hindered in such a way as to cause prejudice to the Tunisian Republic, whether as a direct result of these measures or as a result of the actions of other Member States.

• 4. The Tunisian Republic shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference unless it provides specific notification to ITU of its consent to be bound.

• 5. The Tunisian Republic may find it necessary to make additional declarations or reservations. Accordingly, the Tunisian Republic reserves the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instruments of ratification of these revisions of the Radio Regulations.

• 6. Signature of the Final Acts of WRC-23 by the Tunisian delegation shall not in any way be construed as implicit recognition of a member of the Union not recognized by the Government of the Tunisian Republic, or of all or part of any international agreements to which the Tunisian Republic has not expressly acceded.

• 7. The Tunisian delegation recalls the preamble of the ITU Constitution, which provides for the full recognition of the sovereign right of each State to regulate its telecommunication. Accordingly, the Tunisian delegation calls for continued assistance to be provided to the State of Palestine to manage, similar to ITU administrations, its radio spectrum resources required to advance the economic and social development of Palestine. It also reiterates that the frequency assignments and spectrum management requirements of the State of Palestine must be respected and safeguarded in accordance with the provisions and resolutions of ITU and international law in this regard. In addition, the State of Palestine has the right to manage and plan its own spectrum resources in accordance with the Interim Agreement and the provisions of the Radio Regulations and the various resolutions adopted by global and regional radiocommunication assemblies and conferences.

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Original: English

For the Republic of Türkiye:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Türkiye reserves the rights of its Government to take any measures which it deems necessary to protect its interests on the decision taken by the conference in modifying, amending, deleting and adding provisions, footnotes, tables, resolutions and recommendations in the Radio Regulations, should any Member of the Union fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts, Annexes and the Radio Regulations thereto, in using its existing services and introducing new services for space, terrestrial and other applications or should any reservation made by other Members jeopardize the proper operation of its telecommunication services.

The delegation of Türkiye further reserves the rights of its Government to make additional declarations or reservations as may be necessary when depositing its instruments of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

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Original: English

For the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Republic of Iraq, the State of Kuwait, the Sultanate of Oman, the State of Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic and Tunisia:

The above-mentioned delegations to the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023) declare that the signature and possible ratification by their respective Governments of the Final Acts of this Conference are not valid for the Union member under the name “Israel”, and in no way whatsoever imply its recognition by those Governments.

35

Original: English

For Canada:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Canada reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if another Member State of the Union in any way fails to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts or if the reservations made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Canada.

The delegation of Canada further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make declarations or reservations when depositing its instrument of ratification for the amendments adopted at this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) to the Radio Regulations. Canada further reiterates and incorporates by reference all reservations and declarations made at world administrative radiocommunication conferences and world radiocommunication conferences prior to signature of these Final Acts.

The delegation of Canada further reserves on behalf of its Government the right to take whatever measures it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should other Member States fail to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations, particularly to those pertaining to the use of radio frequencies and any associated satellite orbits, including the geostationary-satellite orbit.

36

Original: French

For the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) of Dubai, the delegation of the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire, having taken note of the declarations entered by other administrations present at the conference, declares:

• that it reserves for its Government the right to adopt any measures it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests should any member of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and the Convention of ITU, the ITU Radio Regulations, or the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023;

• that the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire reserves the right to adopt any measures it may deem necessary should a reservation entered by any member of the Union directly or indirectly affect the proper functioning of its telecommunication services;

• that the delegation of the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire reserves for its government the right to enter any additional declarations or reservations it may deem necessary up to the time of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference of Dubai.

Lastly, the delegation of Côte d’Ivoire reserves for its Government the right to adopt any measures it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should any member of the Union fail in any way to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and the Convention of ITU, or should reservations entered by those members infringe directly or indirectly on its sovereignty.

37

Original: English

For the United Republic of Tanzania:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference, 2023 (WRC-23), the delegation of the United Republic of Tanzania declares that its administration will comply with the provisions of the Final Acts without prejudice to the United Republic of Tanzania sovereign right to take any measures that the United Republic of Tanzania may deem necessary to safeguard its national interests and prevent harmful interference to its radiocommunication services by any Member of the Union failing to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations adopted by this conference.

The delegation of the United Republic of Tanzania further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make any statements or reservations when depositing its instruments of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23).

38

Original: English

For the Federative Republic of Brazil:

In relation to the inclusion of Brazil’s name in No. 5.269, the Brazilian Administration declares that the stations operating in the radiolocation service in Brazil, in accordance with No. 5.269, will not cause harmful interference or claim protection from the stations of fixed and mobile (except aeronautical mobile) services operating in neighbouring countries in the frequency bands 420-430 MHz and 440-450 MHz. The radiolocation service in Brazil will not have priority in spectrum use compared to the radiolocation service operating in neighbouring countries.

39

Original: English

For the Republic of Poland:

The delegation of the Republic of Poland reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it might deem necessary to facilitate the use of the radio spectrum and to safeguard its interests should any other Member States of the Union in any way fail to comply with the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union, the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) or the reservations made by any Member States be prejudicial to the deployment and proper operation of its telecommunication services.

40

Original: Spanish

For Costa Rica:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Costa Rica declares that it reserves for its Government the right to:

• Take any measures it considers necessary to safeguard its interests should other Members of the International Telecommunication Union fail to comply in any way with these Final Acts, their Annexes or the Radio Regulations, or should reservations by other Members jeopardize the smooth operation of its telecommunication services or its full sovereign rights.

• Enter additional reservations, pursuant to the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, to the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), at any time it deems appropriate between the date of signature and the date of the possible ratification of the international instruments constituting those Final Acts.

• Carry out all the procedures required by the Constitution of the Republic of Costa Rica for the provisions of the Acts establishing new undertakings and obligations, especially those which may be subject to a legal right.

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Original: English

For the Islamic Republic of Iran:

In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran formally declares that:

• 1. The delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran reserves for its Government the right to take any action as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should they be affected by decisions taken at this Conference, or by failure on the part of any other country or administration in any way to comply with the provisions of the instruments amending the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, or the Annexes or Protocols and Regulations attached thereto, or the Final Acts of this Conference, or should the reservations, declarations or additional reservations and declarations by other countries or administrations jeopardize the proper and efficient operation of its telecommunication services, or infringe the full exercise of the sovereign rights of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

• 2. The delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran reserves for its Government the right to not to be bound by any provision of the Final Acts of this Conference which may directly or indirectly affect its sovereignty and be in contravention with Constitution, National Jurisdiction, Laws and Regulations of the Islamic Republic of Iran;

• 3. The delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran reserves for its Government the right to make additional reservations when ratifying the Final Acts of this Conference.

• 4. The delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), declares that the signature and possible ratifications by its Government of the Final Acts of this Conference shall not be valid for the ITU Member under the name of “Israel”, and in no way whatsoever implies its recognition by its Government to this Member.

• 5. This Administration reserves its rights in regard the following decisions taken at this WRC-23:

  • 5.1. For agenda items 1.15 and 1.16, not to be engaged in any action, whatsoever for the elimination of any interference caused by operation of AESIM and MESIM to any affected administration by that interference.

  • 5.2. For agenda items 1.15 and 1.16, should it authorize the operation of ESIM to provide service to the territory under its jurisdiction, that authorization may be withdrawn at any time without any condition. Such authorization shall in no way release the notifying administration from its obligation not causing unacceptable interference nor claiming protection from its existing terrestrial services and its future development.

  • 5.3. The operation of any Non-GSO planned or intends to provide services to the territory under jurisdiction of I.R. of Iran would be subject to its special authorization.

  • 5.4. To exclude its territory from the coverage/service area of any GSO and in particular Non-GSO and not protecting that operation. Moreover this Administration declares that any access to unauthorized transmission/operation from its territory shall be immediately denied and deactivated.

  • 5.5. Not to protect any assignment recorded in MIFR with qualified finding.

  • 5.6. The operation of mobile service and its identification for IMT in the band 614-694 MHz in neighbouring countries of I.R. of Iran shall not cause unacceptable interference to, nor claiming protection from its broadcasting service in 614-694 MHz band.

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Original: Spanish

For the Republic of El Salvador:

On signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), the delegation of the Republic of El Salvador declares that it reserves for its Government the right:

• 1. to take any measures it may deem necessary, in strict conformity with domestic legislation and international law, to safeguard its interests and the protocols attached to those instruments should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations or with the provisions of the Constitution and the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, or should reservations entered by other Member States jeopardize the integrity of its sovereign rights or affect the optimum operation of its radiocommunication services. This safeguard ensures the defence of the sovereignty and self-determination of El Salvador as fundamental and inalienable principles;

• 2. to enter additional declarations or reservations regarding the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) when depositing the corresponding instrument of ratification with the International Telecommunication Union.

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Original: Russian

For the Republic of Belarus:

The Republic of Belarus reserves the right to take any measures it may consider necessary to protect its interests should any other Member State of ITU:

• fail to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations as amended by the Final Acts of this conference;

• use their radiocommunication services for purposes contrary to fundamental principles set forth in the basic texts of ITU;

• enter reservations upon signing these Final Acts or take other measures that jeopardize the efficient operation of the telecommunication services of the Republic of Belarus.

44

Original: English

For Grenada:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the State of Grenada reserves the right to take any action it deems necessary to safeguard its national interests. Should any Member State of the Union in any way fail to comply with the conditions set out in the provisions of the Final Acts of WRC-23, the annexes thereto and the Radio Regulations or should the reservations made by any Member State be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication service in the State of Grenada.

45

Original: English

For the Republic of Mozambique:

The delegation of the Republic of Mozambique to the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23), held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in signing the Final Acts of the Conference, hereby reserves the right of its Administration to:

• (i) take any action as it deems necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member State fail to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Radio Regulations and Final Acts of the WRC-23 and any other instruments associated therewith;

• (ii) take any action as it deems legitimate to safeguard its interests should reservations by any Member State, in any way, jeopardize sovereign or the proper functioning of services that ride on communications infrastructure within the Republic of Mozambique;

• (iii) amend the foregoing reservations and declarations and to enter further reservations or declarations at the time of depositing with the International Telecommunication Union its consent to be bound by the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23);

• (iv) decline responsibility for consequences arising out of the reservations made by Members States of the Union, that it may, direct or indirectly, affect its interests.

46

Original: English

For the Federative Republic of Brazil:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the Brazilian delegation reserves for its Administration the right to take such measures as it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if any Member State of the Union should in any way fail to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts, or if the reservation made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Brazil.

Furthermore, Brazil reserves the right to make additional specific declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its notification to the International Telecommunication Union of its consent to be bound by the revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted by the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

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Original: English

For Brunei Darussalam:

The delegation of Brunei Darussalam reserves for its Government the right to take any action which it deems necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member of the Union fail in any way to comply with the Radio Regulations as amended by the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), or should any reservations by any Member of the Union jeopardize Brunei Darussalam’s radiocommunication and telecommunication services, affect its sovereignty or lead to an increase in its contributory share towards defraying the expenses of the Union.

The delegation of Brunei Darussalam further reserves for its Government the right to make any additional declarations, reservations or any other appropriate action, which it deems necessary, up to and including the time of its ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

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Original: Spanish

For Ecuador:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Ecuador reserves for its Administration the right to take any measures that may be necessary to safeguard its interests in the event that any Member State of the Union is unable, in any way, to respect the conditions laid down in the Final Acts, or in the event that the reservations entered by any Member State could prove prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Ecuador.

Ecuador likewise reserves the right to enter additional specific declarations or reservations when depositing with the International Telecommunication Union its notification of consent to be bound by the amendments to the Radio Regulations adopted by the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

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Original: English

For the Confederation of Switzerland:

• The Swiss delegation reserves for the Government of the Confederation of Switzerland the right to take any measures it deems appropriate to safeguard its interests relating to radiocommunication services should any Member of the Union fail to abide by its obligations arising from the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), or should reservations made by or actions on the part of a Member State be such as to jeopardize or are aimed at hindering the smooth operation of the said services in Switzerland.

• At the time of signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the Swiss delegation formally declares for the Government of the Confederation of Switzerland that it maintains the declarations and reservations made by its country when signing the Final Acts of previous treaty-making conferences of the Union as if they were made in full at this World Radiocommunication Conference.

• On 20 February 2014, the Russian Federation, in violation of international law, committed unprovoked aggression against Ukraine and on 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

  We strongly condemn the Russian Federation’s temporary occupation of part of Ukraine’s territory, including the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, and certain areas of the Kherson, Zaporizhzhia, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions, and call on the international community to continue to support Ukraine in defending its sovereignty and territorial integrity.

  Ukraine continues to suffer from the Russian Federation’s attacks damaging its critical telecommunications infrastructure, disrupting services and the quality of fixed and mobile communications, television and radio broadcasting, and emergency communications. In addition, in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, the Russian Federation’s actions have had a devastating impact on the exercise of Ukraine’s sovereign right to regulate telecommunications within its internationally recognized territory. The Russian Federation, as a Member State of the ITU, fails to respect the fundamental principles set out in ITU’s Constitution, Convention and other documents, in particular with regard to the sovereign right of each Member State to regulate the radio-frequency resource within its internationally recognized borders.

  We recall the UN General Assembly resolution ES-11/1 of 2 March 2022, entitled “Aggression against Ukraine”, and all other resolutions adopted at the eleventh emergency special session of the UN General Assembly, which unequivocally reaffirmed the support for the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders, extending to its territorial waters.

  We encourage ITU and its Member States to continue to actively support initiatives and measures aimed at restoring and strengthening the telecommunications sector of Ukraine throughout its territory and call for technical assistance to restore communications and communication systems.

  Noting the important role of ITU in ensuring international coordination and cooperation in the field of telecommunications, we call upon ITU and its Member States to continue to use all possible means and mechanisms to address the situation in Ukraine and to contribute to the restoration of peace and stability in the region.

  We welcome the ITU Secretary-General’s statement to the 2014 Plenipotentiary Conference in Busan, published in document PP-14/174, Annex B, the Statement by the ITU Secretary-General, published in the ITU Operational Bulletin No. 1158 of 15 October 2018 and the ITU Council Resolution 1408 “Assistance and support to Ukraine for rebuilding their telecommunication sector”. In this regard, we request the ITU Secretary-General and the Directors of the three Bureaux to continue to assist Ukraine in ensuring the use of its radio-frequency resources in accordance with the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union and the Radio Regulations.

  In concluding this Statement, we, the delegation of the Government of Ukraine and the delegations of other ITU Member States, urge the Russian Federation to heed to the numerous demands of the international community to immediately cease its use of force against Ukraine and to immediately, completely and unconditionally withdraw all of its military forces from the territory of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders. We call on the Russian Federation to respect in full its obligations, including those arising from its membership in ITU.

  We believe that peace and stability in Ukraine are key to ensuring prosperity and security in the region and the world, and we call on all ITU Member States to promote a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine, consistent with the UN Charter, including the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States.

• The delegations of the above-mentioned States, referring to the declaration made by the Republic of Colombia (No. 30), in as much as these and any similar statements refer to the Bogota Declaration of 3 December 1976 made by equatorial countries and to the claims of those countries to exercise sovereign rights over segments of the geostationary-satellite orbit, or to any related claims, consider that the claims in question cannot be recognized by this Conference. The above-mentioned delegations also wish to state that reference in Article 44 of the Constitution to the “geographical situation of particular countries” does not imply recognition of a claim to any preferential rights to the geostationary-satellite orbit.

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Original: English

For the Republic of Iraq:

The delegation of the Republic of Iraq, in signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023), formally declares that:

• 1. The Administration of the Republic of Iraq reserves the right for its Government to take any action as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests, national policy, and the application of its sovereign laws, should they be affected negatively by decisions taken at this conference, or by the failure on the part of any other administration in any way to comply with the ITU instruments, the outcomes of this conference and its Final Acts, or should the reservations, declarations or additional reservations made by other administrations jeopardize the efficient operation of its telecommunication services, or to infringe the full exercise and the rights and the sovereign rights of the Republic of Iraq.

• 2. The Administration of the Republic of Iraq reserves the right for its Government to make any additional reservations when ratifying the Final Acts of this Conference.

• 3. The Administration of the Republic of Iraq would like to extend its sincere gratitude and appreciations to the Radiocommunication Bureau, especially Space Services Department, for the successful implementation of Resolution 559 (WRC-19), and for their dedicated work and great efforts in following the best approaches to address the issue of degradation of the reference situation in Appendix 30/30A, leading to the replacement of our degraded BSS assignments.

• 4. In considering the outcomes of agenda item 7 Topic (H) of this conference, the Administration of the Republic of Iraq declares that the outcomes of this topic, although it preserves the EPM levels in Appendices 30/30A and 30B from degradation and provides a better regulations, it was a result of international compromise, and it does not reflect the preferred situation proposed by the Administration of Iraq in the multi-country contribution, submitted to this conference on this topic.

  In this regard, the Administration of Iraq reserves its right to take any measures it may consider necessary in the future, to protect its assignments and allotments in the Appendices 30/30A and 30B respectively.

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Original: English

For the Federal Republic of Somalia:

In signing the Final acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23, Dubai), the delegation of the Federal Republic of Somalia declares its reserves for its government the right:

• to take any measures which it might deem necessary to protect its interests should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to respect fully or to violate the provisions and resolutions of the Final Acts and sovereign right of the Federal Republic of Somalia or should any actions or reservations by any Member State jeopardize in any way the telecommunication services in Somalia;

• to take any action and preservation measures it considers necessary to regulate its internal telecommunication and radiocommunication networks on the territory of the Federal Republic of Somalia in accordance with the existing national laws and international legislative acts.

52

Original: English

For Japan:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Japan reserves for its Government the right to take such actions as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member State fail in any way to comply with the requirements of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union, or the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), or should reservations by other countries jeopardize its interests in any way.

In addition, Japan reserves the right to make additional declarations or reservations prior to its notification to the International Telecommunication Union which expresses its consent to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations.

53

Original: French

For the Kingdom of Morocco:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Kingdom of Morocco reserves for its Government the full right to take any action, measures or precautions it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests should a Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to respect fully the provisions of the Final Acts of the conference, or should reservations entered by a Member State during or after the conference in any way jeopardize or hamper the smooth operation of the telecommunication services of the Kingdom of Morocco.

The delegation of the Kingdom of Morocco further reserves for its Government, up to the time of depositing its instrument of ratification of the Final Acts of this Conference, the right to make any additional declaration or reservation it deems necessary.

54

Original: French

For the Gabonese Republic:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates from 20 November to 15 December 2023, the delegation of the Gabonese Republic reserves for its Government the right:

• 1. to take any necessary measures to safeguard its interests should certain Member States fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union or the instruments of amendment adopted by the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), or should the reservations made by other Member States during this Conference be such as to jeopardize the smooth operation of its radiocommunication services;

• 2. to accept or not any financial consequences that may arise from such reservations;

• 3. to enter any additional reservations it may deem necessary until such time as the instruments of ratification are deposited.

55

Original: English

For the Republic of the Philippines:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, WRC-23), the delegation of the Republic of the Philippines reserves for the state and its Government the right to take any action it deems necessary, sufficient and consistent with its national law to safeguard its interest, should reservations made by representatives of other Member States jeopardize its telecommunication services or prejudice its rights as a sovereign country.

The Philippine delegation further reserves for the state and its Government the right to make any declaration, reservation or any other appropriate action, as may be necessary, prior to the deposit of the instrument of ratification of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

56

Original: English

For New Zealand:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of New Zealand reserves for its Government the right to take such measures as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should any other country in any way fail to respect the provisions specified in the Final Acts or if the reservations made by any other country should be prejudicial or detrimental to New Zealand’s interests. In addition, New Zealand reserves the right to make appropriate specific reservations and statements prior to ratification of the Final Acts.

The delegation of New Zealand further declares that, consistent with the constitutional status of Tokelau and taking into account the current focus on providing core services for Tokelau before any further act of self-determination is considered, any approval by the Government of New Zealand shall not extend to Tokelau unless and until a Declaration to this effect is lodged by the Government of New Zealand with the Secretary-General on the basis of appropriate consultation with that territory.

57

Original: English

For the Republic of Botswana:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference, 2023 (WRC-23), the delegation of the Republic of Botswana declares that its administration will comply with the provisions of the Final Acts without prejudice to the Republic of Botswana’s sovereign right to take any measures that the Republic of Botswana may deem necessary to safeguard its national interests and prevent harmful interference to its radiocommunication services by any Member of the Union failing to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations adopted by this conference.

The delegation of Botswana further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make any additional statements or reservations when depositing its instruments of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23), Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

58

Original: French

For the Republic of the Congo:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of the Congo makes the following official declaration:

• 1. The delegation of the Republic of the Congo reserves for its Government the right to take all measures it may deem necessary, in accordance with national legislation and the international treaties to which the Republic of the Congo is party, to safeguard its national interests should a Member State of the International Telecommunication Union fail to abide by or comply with the provisions of these Final Acts.

• 2. The delegation of the Republic of the Congo further reserves for its Government the right to enter additional reservations or make additional declarations when ratifying the Final Acts of this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

• 3. The delegation of the Republic of the Congo reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it may deem necessary and appropriate to safeguard its national interests and rights with respect to radiocommunications should they be affected or jeopardized, directly or indirectly, by reservations entered by others.

59

Original: English

For the Republic of Cyprus:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Cyprus reserves for its Government the right to take such measures as it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests should other Member States fail to comply with the provisions of these Final Acts or use their radiocommunication services for purposes contrary to those established in the Preamble to the Constitution of the International Telecommunication Union. Accordingly, the Republic of Cyprus reserves the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instruments of ratification of these revisions to the Radio Regulations. The Republic of Cyprus shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference without the specific notification to the International Telecommunication Union by the Republic of Cyprus of its consent to be bound.

60

Original: French

For the Republic of Benin:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the Government of the Republic of Benin reserves the sovereign right:

• 1. to take any measures and actions necessary to safeguard its national rights and interests, should a member of the Union fail to comply, in any way, with the provisions of the Final Acts and jeopardize, directly or indirectly, electronic communication and/or broadcasting services or endanger national security and sovereignty;

• 2. to enter additional reservations prior to ratification of the Final Acts.

61

Original: English

For the Republic of Zambia:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Zambia declares as follows:

• 1. that the Republic of Zambia reserves the right of its Government to take any measures it may deem necessary to safeguard its interests on the decisions taken by the conference in modifying, amending, deleting, or adding text provisions, footnotes, tables, resolutions, and recommendations, should any member of the Conference fail, in any way, to comply with or to execute the provisions of the Final Acts, annexes, and the Conference thereto or infringe the full exercise of the sovereign rights of the Republic of Zambia;

• 2. that the delegation of the Republic of Zambia shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Final Acts of World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023) adopted at this Conference without specific notification to the International Telecommunication Union by the Republic of Zambia of its consent to be bound; and

• 3. that the delegation of the Republic of Zambia further reserves the rights of its Government to make any declaration or reservation, as may be necessary, prior to ratification of the Final Acts of World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023).

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Original: English

For the State of Libya:

The Administration of Libya proposed to have allocation to the Mobile Service on primary basis with IMT identification in the band 614-694 MHz and to be included in the footnote 5.15B within the WRC-23.

Due to the time constraint and concerns from certain Administrations to add the name of the Administration of Libya to the footnote 5.15B, the Administration of Libya was removed from the primary footnote 5.15B.

However, the Administration of Libya in this declaration has serious concerns due to the objection of certain countries without any technical basis and despite other Administrations with similar positions were added to the same footnote 5.15B. In addition, such objection did not consider the multi conditions for protection of Broadcasting services in neighbouring countries that were added in addition to GE06 Agreement.

The Administration of Libya declared the needs and the plan for immediate implementation of IMT system under mobile service in its territory considering the technical conditions agreed in footnote 5.15B within WRC-23. In addition, the Administration of Libya emphasized on the requirement to add their name to the footnote 5.15B, on the allocation to the Mobile Service on primary basis and identification to IMT system in the band 614-694 MHz by WRC-27.

63

Original: English

For Greece:

Having taken note of the declarations contained in Document 520, the delegation of the Hellenic Republic declares that it reserves for its Government the right:

• 1. to take any action and preservation measures it deems necessary should the consequences of reservations by any Member State put in danger Hellenic radiocommunication services or affect its sovereignty to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts, the Annexes thereto of the Radio Regulations;

• 2. to take any action and preservation measures to protect within its territory services allocated on a primary basis in Region 1, from the alternative uses of neighbouring countries established by footnotes in the Table of Frequency Allocations of Article 5 of the Radio Regulations;

• 3. to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instruments of ratification of these revisions of the Radio Regulations.

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Original: Arabic

For the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria:

The delegation of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria to the World Radiocommunication Conference, held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from 20 November to 15 December 2023, expresses its great regret at the position adopted by certain States, including Spain, Italy, Morocco and Greece, in opposing the inclusion of its country’s name in the list of countries in footnotes 5.429A and 5.429B of the Radio Regulations, governing the allocation of the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz to the mobile service and its identification for International Mobile Telecommunications, particularly in most African States. Those countries did not provide satisfactory technical reasons for the decision, insisting solely that it was necessary in order to protect the radiolocation service operating in that band.

Throughout the coordination meetings held with the opposing delegations, the Algerian delegation proposed to carry out all the organizational procedures and technical safeguards established in the Radio Regulations to protect the radiolocation service operating on a provisional basis in the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz, in addition to pledging to take all measures to put an immediate stop to any harmful interference that may occur. These proposals were met with refusal by the opposing States, however, under the pretext that the services operating in this band are sensitive and require maximum protection, but without specifying the relevant technical conditions. They also claimed that there was insufficient time during the conference to study the issue, despite the fact that, under agenda item 1.2, the issue had been studied in detail and related sharing and compatibility studies had been approved during the four-year study period of the Radiocommunication Bureau of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Furthermore, on the basis of these studies, the same frequency range was identified for International Mobile Telecommunications in Region 2 during this conference.

Nonetheless, the non-inclusion of the name of Algeria in these two footnotes shall not prevent it from taking every measure necessary to protect all radiocommunication services operating in all frequency bands, including the mobile service, and especially International Mobile Telecommunications.

The delegation of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria considers that the non-inclusion of its country’s name in the two footnotes contravenes the provisions of Article 196 of the ITU Constitution and the preamble to the Radio Regulations, which states that Members shall bear in mind that radio frequencies are limited natural resources which must be used rationally, efficiently and economically, so that countries or groups of countries may have equitable access to those frequencies, taking into account the special needs of developing countries and the geographical situation of particular countries.

The delegation of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria affirms that its country shall continue to do its utmost to cause no harmful interference to radiocommunication services deployed in neighbouring States and nearby States, in line with the provisions of the Radio Regulations. It also affirms its country’s steadfast commitment to strict adherence to the basic texts of the Union and the Radio Regulations. The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria has already expressed its full readiness to support all measures aimed at achieving coordination with neighbouring States and nearby States, following the conclusion of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference, regarding the operation of all radiocommunication services.

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria reserves for its Government the right:

• to take any measures that it deems necessary to protect the use of radiocommunication services against all forms of interference, should it be deemed that the decisions and Resolutions of the present Conference or the declarations and reservations made by other Member States may affect those uses;

• to take all appropriate steps to safeguard its interests should other members fail to comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations or the Final Acts of world radiocommunication conferences, or should any reservations entered by other members jeopardize the full exercise of its sovereign rights or the smooth operation of its radiocommunication services;

• to enter any additional reservations, under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969 and Article 32 of the ITU Convention (Geneva, 1992), concerning the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023) at any time it sees fit between the date of the signature and the date of the possible ratification of the international instruments constituting these Final Acts.

• The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria reiterates and incorporates by reference all declarations and reservations made at prior world radiocommunication conferences.

Signature of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023) by the Algerian delegation shall not in any way be construed as implicit recognition of a member of the Union not recognized by the Government of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, or of all or part of any international agreements to which Algeria has not expressly acceded.

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Original: English

For Hungary:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Hungary reserves for its Government the right to take such action as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member State of the Union fail in any way to observe or comply with the provisions of these Final Acts or should reservations by other countries jeopardize the proper operation of its radiocommunication services.

The delegation of Hungary further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make any additional statements or reservations when depositing its instruments of ratification for the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

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Original: Russian/English

For the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Kyrgyz Republic:

The delegations of the above-mentioned countries reserve for their respective Governments the right to take any action they may consider necessary to safeguard their interests should any Member State of the Union fail to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of this Conference, or should reservations made upon signing the Final Acts, or other measures taken by any Member State of the Union, jeopardize the normal operation of those countries’ telecommunication services.

67

Original: English

For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland wishes to clarify that it interprets Resolution 12 in accordance with Plenipotentiary Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) and Resolution 125 (Rev. Bucharest, 2022) and other international agreements, including agreements between Israel and the Palestinians.

The United Kingdom remains fully supportive of a two-state solution leading to a safe and secure Israel living alongside a viable and sovereign Palestinian state. The United Kingdom is a strong supporter of all efforts to promote peace.

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Original: Arabic/English

For the United Arab Emirates:

In considering the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the United Arab Emirates formally declares that:

• 1. the delegation of the United Arab Emirates reserves for its Government the right to take any action as it may consider necessary to safeguard its interests should they be affected by decisions taken at this conference, or by failure on the part of any other country or administration in any way to comply with the provisions of the instruments amending the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, or the Annexes or Protocols and Regulations attached thereto, or the Final Acts of this conference, or should the reservations, declarations or additional reservations and declarations by other countries or administrations jeopardize the proper and efficient operation of its telecommunication services, or infringe the full exercise of the sovereign rights of the United Arab Emirates;

• 2. the United Arab Emirates shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this conference without specific notification to the International Telecommunication Union by the United Arab Emirates of its consent to be bound;

• 3. the United Arab Emirates may find it necessary to make additional declarations or reservations. Accordingly, the United Arab Emirates reserves the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instruments of ratification of these revisions of the Radio Regulations.

69

Original: Arabic

For the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023), the delegation of Saudi Arabia declares the following:

• 1. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia reserves the right to take any actions or measures it deems necessary to protect its interests should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union fail to fully respect or apply the provisions and Resolutions of the Final Acts of the Conference, or should any actions or reservations by any State, during or after the Conference, jeopardize in any way the telecommunication services and networks of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

• 2. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia reserves the right to enter additional declarations or reservations when depositing its instrument of ratification of the Final Acts of the Conference.

• 3. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia reserves the right to take any actions or measures it deems necessary to safeguard its national interests should the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023) directly or indirectly affect its sovereign rights or be in contravention of the statutes, laws and regulations in force in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

70

Original: English

For Australia:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Australia reserves for its Government the right to take measures it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if another Member State of the International Telecommunication Union in any way fails to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts or if the reservations made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Australia or its full sovereign rights.

The delegation of Australia further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make declarations or reservations when depositing its instrument of ratification for amendments to the Radio Regulations adopted at this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

Australia’s longstanding position is in support of a negotiated two-state solution to the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians. Australia remains a committed supporter of the Palestinian people and their aspirations to statehood. Australia’s position is that a future Palestinian state can only be realized from a directly negotiated agreement between the two sides.

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Original: English

For the Republic of Zimbabwe:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Republic of Zimbabwe declares that:

• 1. its Administration would comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of WRC-23 without prejudice to the Republic of Zimbabwe’s sovereign right to take any measures that the Government of Zimbabwe deems necessary to safeguard and protect its national interests and to prevent harmful interference to its radiocommunication services by any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union failing to comply with or to execute the provisions of the Radio Regulations as revised and adopted by this Conference, or should reservations or declarations made by other Member States jeopardize the proper operation of the telecommunication or other radiocommunication systems in Zimbabwe;

• 2. that the Republic of Zimbabwe further reserves the right to make any declaration or reservation or take any appropriate action, as may be necessary, prior to ratification of the Final Acts.

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Original: English

For the Republic of Albania, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Principality of Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Republic of Cyprus, Vatican City State, the Republic of Croatia, Denmark, Spain, the Republic of Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, the Republic of Latvia, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Republic of Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Republic of North Macedonia, Malta, the Republic of Moldova, the Principality of Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Poland, Portugal, the Republic of Türkiye, the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic, Romania, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Republic of San Marino, the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Slovenia, Sweden, the Confederation of Switzerland and Ukraine:

At the time of signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegations of the above-mentioned countries formally declare that they maintain the declarations and reservations made by their countries when signing the Final Acts of previous treaty-making conferences of the Union as if they were made in full at this World Radiocommunication Conference.

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Original: English

For Ghana:

The delegation of the Republic of Ghana agrees to the revision of the Radio Regulations contained in the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023). In the signing of the Final Acts (Dubai, 2023), the Republic of Ghana declares that should a Member State of the Union make reservations concerning the application of one or more of the provisions of the revised Radio Regulations, the Republic of Ghana shall not be obliged to observe that provision or those provisions in its relations with that particular Member State.

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Original: English

For the Republic of the Gambia:

• 1. By signing the WRC-23 Final Acts, the delegation of the Republic of the Gambia hereby declares on behalf of its Government and people that it does not accept any consequences of the reservations made by other governments.

• 2. Furthermore, the Republic of the Gambia reserves the rights;

  • a) to take all measures that it deems beneficial to safeguard its interests in the event that certain Member States do not observe the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) Dubai 2023, the appendices and resolutions contained therein attached, or in the event that reservations issued by other countries are likely to compromise the proper functioning of its radiocommunication deployments and services;

  • b) to accept or reject the consequences of certain decisions which could undermine its sovereignty in any way in consideration with ITU-R resolutions and regulations.

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Original: English

For the Republic of Kenya:

The delegation of the Republic of Kenya to the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23), held in Dubai, in signing the Final Acts of the Conference, hereby reserves the right of its Government:

• (i) to take any action as it deems necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member State fail to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the ITU, the Radio Regulations and Final Acts of the WRC-23 and any other instruments associated therewith;

• (ii) to take any action as it deems legitimate to safeguard its interests should reservations by any Member State jeopardize in any way its full sovereign rights or the proper functioning of services that ride on communications infrastructure within the Republic of Kenya;

• (iii) to amend the foregoing reservations and declarations and to enter further reservations or declarations at the time of depositing with the International Telecommunication Union its consent to be bound by the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23);

• (iv) to decline responsibility for consequences arising out of the reservations made by Members States of the Union.

• (v) With reference to RR Art. 8.1, and due to no agreement being reached by the WRC-23 on the necessity to protect Aeronautical Mobile Service (AMS) and Maritime Mobile Service (MMS) stations operating in international airspace and waters respectively, we reserve the right to implement IMT systems in the 4 800-4 990 MHz band in our national territory, consistent with the sovereign right of each State to regulate its telecommunications as reflected in the preamble of the ITU Constitution, while respecting the international rights of using radio spectrum by neighbouring countries.

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Original: Spanish

For Spain:

• 1. The delegation of Spain declares on behalf of its Government that, in accordance with the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 23 May 1969, it reserves for the Kingdom of Spain the right to enter reservations to the Final Acts adopted by this Conference until such time as, in accordance with the provisions of Article 54 of the Constitution of the International Telecommunication Union, it consents to be bound by the revision to the Radio Regulations contained in those Final Acts.

• 2. The delegation of Spain declares on behalf of its Government that, in respect of the Radio Regulations and the resolutions and recommendations adopted by this Conference, it understands the term “country” to refer to a subject of rights and obligations only when said country is a sovereign State.

77

Original: English

For Trinidad and Tobago:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (Dubai, 2023), the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago reserves the right to take any action it deems necessary to safeguard its national interests should any Member State of the Union in any way fail to respect the conditions specified in the provisions of the Final Acts, the Annexes thereto and the Radio Regulations or should the reservations made by any Member State be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.

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Original: English

For the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Croatia, Denmark, Spain, the Republic of Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia and Sweden:

When signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegations of the Member States of the European Union declare that they will apply the revision of the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference in accordance with their obligations under the Treaty on the European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.

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Original: English

For Thailand:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Thailand reserves the right of its Government:

• 1. To take any action it deems necessary to safeguard its interests should any Member State fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions and resolutions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), or should any reservation made by any Member State jeopardize its sovereignty or its operations of telecommunication networks and services;

• 2. To make additional reservations it may deem necessary prior to its notification to the International Telecommunication Union which expresses its consent to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted by the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

The delegation of Thailand also formally declares that it maintains the declarations and reservations made when signing the Final Acts of previous Conferences as if they were made in full at this Conference.

80

Original: Spanish

For the Republic of Honduras:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), the delegation of the Republic of Honduras declares that it reserves the right of its Government:

• 1. To adopt any measures it considers necessary, in strict compliance with its domestic legal order and international law, to safeguard its interests and protocols associated with those instruments should a Member State of the International Telecommunication Union fail to comply, in any way, with the provisions of the Radio Regulations or with the provisions of the Constitution or Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, or should the reservations entered by other Member States jeopardize the integrity of its sovereign rights or affect the optimal operation of its radiocommunication services. This safeguard ensures protection of the sovereignty and self-determination of the Republic of Honduras as fundamental and inalienable principles.

• 2. To make additional declarations on or enter additional reservations to the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) when it deposits the corresponding instrument of ratification with the International Telecommunication Union.

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Original: English

For the Arab Republic of Egypt:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Egypt reserves for its Government the right:

• a) to take any measures it might deem necessary, in conformity with its domestic law and with international law, to safeguard its interests if another Member State of the Union, in any way, fails to comply with the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, the Radio Regulations of the ITU and the Final Acts, particularly to those pertaining to the use of radio frequencies and any associated satellite orbits, including the geostationary-satellite orbit, or if the reservations made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Egypt.

• b) to make declarations or reservations when depositing its instrument of ratification for the amendments adopted at this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), to the Radio Regulations. Egypt further reiterates and incorporates by reference all reservations and declarations made at world radiocommunication conferences prior to signature of these Final Acts.

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Original: English

For the United States of America:

The United States of America refers to Article 32 of the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992), as amended, and notes that in considering the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the United States of America may find it necessary to make additional declarations or reservations. Accordingly, the United States of America reserves the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification of these revisions of the Radio Regulations.

The United States of America shall not be deemed to have consented to be bound by revisions to the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference without specific notification to the International Telecommunication Union by the United States of America of its consent to be bound.

The United States of America reiterates and incorporates by reference all declarations and reservations made at prior world administrative radiocommunication conferences and world radiocommunication conferences.

83

Original: French

For the Democratic Republic of the Congo:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Democratic Republic of the Congo declares that it reserves for its Government the right:

• to take any measures which it deems necessary to protect its interests should any Member State of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) fail to fully respect or violate the provisions and resolutions of the Final Acts or the sovereign rights of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, or should any actions or reservations by any Member State jeopardize in any way the telecommunication and radiocommunication services of the Democratic Republic of the Congo;

• to take any action or preservation measures it considers necessary in order to regulate its internal telecommunication and radiocommunication networks on the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in accordance with national law and the international instruments in force. In this regard, the operation of any radio equipment or system within the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo without a licence issued by the competent Congolese governmental institution shall be considered illegal.

• The delegation of the Democratic Republic of the Congo further reserves the right to make any declaration, enter any reservation or take any other appropriate action it deems necessary, prior to ratification of the Final Acts.

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Original: English

For the Vatican City State:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of Vatican City State reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if another Member State of the Union should in any way fail to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts or if the reservations made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Vatican City State.

The delegation of Vatican City State further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make any statements or reservations when depositing its instruments of ratification for the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

85

Original: French

For the Republic of Cameroon:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference of the International Telecommunication Union, the delegation of the Republic of Cameroon declares, having taken note of the declarations and reservations made by other Member States, that it reserves for its Government the right:

• to apply the provisions deriving from the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference when deemed necessary, and to ensure that those provisions are in accordance with national regulations, or not to apply such provisions when the application thereof is considered, directly or indirectly, to be prejudicial to the smooth operation and development of domestic telecommunications;

• to accept, or not to accept, any consequences deriving from the application by other Member States, or telecommunication operators in their territories, of the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference should these be considered prejudicial to national interests or detrimental to domestic telecommunications;

• to take any measures it may deem necessary and appropriate in the event that domestic telecommunication systems are affected, directly or indirectly, as a result of failure on the part of one or more Member States of the International Telecommunication Union to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference;

• to take any measures it may deem necessary and appropriate to protect and safeguard its national interests and rights with respect to telecommunications, should they be affected or prejudiced, directly or indirectly, by reservations entered by other Member States or by measures not in accordance with international law;

• to enter reservations and make declarations prior to the ratification and deposit of the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference.

86

Original: English

For the Republic of South Sudan:

The delegation of the Republic of South Sudan to the WRC-23 herewith declares on behalf of its Government and on behalf of the powers conferred on it that:

• 1. It reserves the right for its Government to take any measures and actions it deems necessary to safeguard its interests, should any Member State of the Union fail to abide by the provisions of these Final Acts or comply with them, or should reservations made by other countries, jeopardize the efficient operation of its telecommunication services.

• 2. To accept, or not to accept, any consequences deriving from the application by other administrations, or telecommunication operating agencies in their territories, of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the Radio Regulations and associated instruments, should these be deemed prejudicial to South Sudan’s national interests or detrimental to its domestic telecommunications.

• 3. The Republic of South Sudan reserves the right to make additional reservations at the time of deposit of its instruments of ratification of these revisions of the Radio Regulations.

87

Original: Spanish

For Mexico:

The Mexican Government, in exercise of the power of Member States to enter reservations to the Final Acts, reserves for its Government the right:

• 1. To take any measures it may deem necessary to protect and safeguard its sovereignty and interests, and, in particular, to protect its telecommunication networks, systems and services, both existing and planned, should any Member State of the Union in any way fail or cease to apply the provisions contained in these Acts, including the Decisions, Recommendations, Resolutions and Annexes that form an integral part thereof, or the provisions contained in the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union, or should the smooth functioning of its telecommunication networks, systems or services be jeopardized by reason of any declarations or reservations expressed by any Member State of the Union;

• 2. To take action required to safeguard its interests with respect to the occupation and use of geostationary orbital positions and the associated radio frequencies, as well as with respect to the use of the radio spectrum to provide telecommunication services, should procedures relating to coordination, notification or registration of frequency assignments meet with delays or be hindered, causing prejudice to the country, whether per se or by acts of other Member States;

• 3. To take the necessary steps to authorize the operation of stations in the International Mobile Telecommunications mobile service in the frequency band 4 800-4 990 MHz, in line with the allocations set out in the Table of Frequency Allocations contained in Article 5 of the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union;

• 4. To enter further reservations, pursuant to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, with regard to these Acts at any time it sees fit between the date of signature and the date of ratification thereof, in accordance with the procedures established in its domestic legislation; and not to consider itself bound by any provision in these Acts that might limit its right to enter any reservations it may deem appropriate;

• 5. Lastly, the reservations entered by the Government of the United Mexican States upon signing and ratifying the Final Acts of past world radiocommunication conferences, and those entered at the time of the adoption and review of the Plenipotentiary Conferences of Geneva (1992), Kyoto (1994), Minneapolis (1998), Marrakesh (2002), Antalya (2006), Guadalajara (2010), Busan (2014), Dubai (2018) and Bucharest (2022) are reaffirmed and considered to be reproduced herein as if they had been repeated in full.

88

Original: English

For the Federal Republic of Nigeria:

The delegation of the Federal Republic of Nigeria to 2023, World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2023 in signing the Final Acts of the Conference, reserves for its Government, the right to make declarations and/or reservation until and up to the time of the deposit of her instrument of ratification of the amendments of the Radio Regulations.

The Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria also reserves the rights to take actions she deems necessary to prevent or safeguard her interests should any or other Member States fails or fail to observe the provisions of the Radio Regulations, or should their continued reservations and failures endanger or hinder the operation of the Nigerian Telecommunications/ICT Services.

89

Original: English

For the United States of America and Canada:

The United States of America and Canada state that they will interpret Resolution 12 (Rev. Dubai, 2023) in accordance with Plenipotentiary Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) and Plenipotentiary Resolution 125 (Rev. Bucharest, 2022) and relevant international agreements, including agreements between Israel and the Palestinians. It is our understanding that the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and Gaza addresses resolution of telecommunication issues between the parties, and we believe that any action by the ITU, including through Resolution 12, must be consistent with that Agreement. The United States and Canada remain committed to achieving a lasting and comprehensive peace that offers a brighter future to both Israel and the Palestinians.

90

Original: Russian

For the Russian Federation:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Russian Federation reserves for its Government the right to enter such additional declarations and reservations in relation to the Final Acts adopted by this Conference as it may deem necessary upon ratification of the international instruments that constitute those Final Acts.

The Russian Federation also expresses its firm rejection of the provision of communication services by satellite systems in low orbit without authorization from the competent authorities of the States whose territory are within the coverage area of those systems. The Russian Federation is of the view that this constitutes a violation of the sovereign right of Member States of the Union to regulate the use of telecommunications on their territory and creates security threats and threats of interference in internal affairs.

The Russian Federation insists that such systems should provide services only on the basis of licenses issued in accordance with the provisions of the Radio Regulations, by the government of the country or on behalf of the government, for the operation of those systems on its sovereign territory.

The Russian Federation recalls the right of every ITU Member State to interrupt any private telecommunication that may be dangerous to the security of the State or contrary to its laws, to public order or to decency (see Art. 34 of the ITU Constitution).

91

Original: English

For the State of Israel:

• 1. The State of Israel hereby declares its right:

  • a) to take any action it deems necessary to protect its interests and to safeguard the operation of its telecommunication services, should they be affected by the decisions or resolutions of this conference or by the reservations made by other Member States;

  • b) to take any action to safeguard its interests should any Member State fail to comply with the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union or the annexes and protocols attached thereto, the Radio Regulations and the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023); or should reservations made by other Member States appear to be detrimental to the operation of its telecommunication services.

• 2. The State of Israel reserves the right to amend the foregoing reservations and declarations and to make any further reservations and declarations it may consider necessary up to the time of depositing its instrument of ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

• 3. According to International law principles, bilateral agreements have supremacy over multilateral treaties. This principle is also recognized in the ITU Constitution. In light of this principle, the State of Israel refers to WRC Resolution 12 (Rev. Dubai, 2023) and footnotes which refer to Palestine and reiterates its position that the interpretation and application of the resolution and footnotes by all concerned parties must be in accordance with and subject to any existing or future bilateral agreements or arrangements between the State of Israel and the Palestinians, in particular, the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995 (“Interim Agreement”).

• 4. In light of the aforementioned principle, all technical Telecommunication issues referred to in Resolution 12, should be only be handled in the framework of the Interim Agreement. Furthermore, the State of Israel shall apply Resolution 12 and interpret the footnotes in accordance with and subject to applicable Israeli law.

• 5. The Government of the State of Israel refers to Resolution 12 and footnotes which refer to Palestine and would like to reiterate the position expressed by Israel’s Ambassador to the UN on 29 November 2012, in the context of the adoption of General Assembly resolution 67/19 as well as in the Security Council on 23 January 2013, that resolution 67/19 does not confer statehood on the Palestinian Authority, and that Israel, as many other States, does not recognize such a state. Israel voted against General Assembly resolution 67/19 and General Assembly resolution 68/235, and its position on these issues has not changed. The outstanding issues between Israel and the Palestinians, including telecommunication related matters, can only be resolved through direct negotiations, as has been affirmed repeatedly by the international community and agreed between the Parties.

• 6. Should any Member State or entity act toward any interest of the State of Israel in a manner, which violates the State of Israel’s rights as a Member State of the ITU, or breaches such Member State’s obligations toward the State of Israel as such, the State of Israel reserves its right to act toward such Member State in a reciprocal manner.

92

Original: English

For the Republic of Rwanda:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) of the International Telecommunication Union, the Republic of Rwanda’s delegation affirms the following reservations for its Government:

• 1. The prerogative to issue additional declarations or reservations when depositing instruments of ratification for the Radio Regulations revisions.

• 2. The right to undertake any deemed necessary measures in line with national laws and international treaties binding Rwanda, ensuring the safeguarding and protection of its national interests.

• 3. The entitlement to take any necessary actions if a Member State of the International Telecommunication Union fails to comply with the provisions of these Final Acts and Annexes, or if any reservation by a Union Member directly or indirectly impacts Rwanda’s national interests.

93

Original: English

For the Republic of Korea:

The delegation of the Republic of Korea reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it might deem necessary to facilitate the use of the radio spectrums and to safeguard its interests should any other Member States of the Union in any way fail to comply with the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union.

And the Republic of Korea reserves the right to make any declarations about the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) or the reservations made by any Member States be prejudicial to the deployment and proper operation of its telecommunication services.

94

Original: French

For the Islamic Republic of Mauritania:

• In signing these Final Acts, the delegation of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania declares on behalf of its Government that it accepts no consequences arising from the reservations entered by other governments.

• In addition, the Islamic Republic of Mauritania reserves the right:

  • a) to take any measures it deems necessary to safeguard its interests should certain Members fail to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) and the appendices and resolutions appended thereto, or should the reservations entered by other countries be of a nature to jeopardize the smooth operation of its radiocommunication facilities and services;

  • b) to accept or reject the consequences of certain decisions that might threaten its sovereignty.

95

Original: Spanish

For the Dominican Republic:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Dominican Republic reserves for its Government the right to:

• a) take any measures it may consider necessary, in conformity with its domestic law and with international law, to safeguard its interests should reservations entered by other Member States of the Union directly or indirectly undermine its full enjoyment of its sovereign rights or the smooth operation of its telecommunication services, or should other Member States fail to abide by the provisions of the Constitution and the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union;

• b) make additional declarations or enter additional reservations, as well as amend its previous reservations and declarations, pursuant to the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, at any time it deems appropriate between the signature of these Final Acts and their ratification through the appropriate channels.

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Additional

Declarations and Reservations

The Conference takes note of the following additional declarations and reservations, which form part of the Final Acts, at the time of their signature.

96

Original: English

For the Republic of Suriname:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference of the International Telecommunication Union in Dubai (WRC-23), the delegation of the Republic of Suriname reserves for its Government the right to take any action it deems necessary to safeguard its national interest, should any Member State of the Union in any way fail to respect the conditions specified in the provisions of the Final Acts, the Annexes thereto and the Radio Regulations, or should the reservations made by any Member State be harmful to the operation of radiocommunication services in the Republic of Suriname.

97

Original: English

For the State of Israel:

Declarations No. 6, 21, 34 and 41 made by certain Member States in respect to the Final Acts, contravenes the principles and purposes of the International Telecommunication Union, and is therefore devoid of legal validity.

The Government of the State of Israel wishes to put on record that it rejects these aforesaid declarations, which politicizes and undermines the work of the ITU.

Should any Member State that has made the foregoing declarations act toward Israel in a manner, which violates Israel's rights as a Member State of the ITU, or breaches such Member State's obligations toward Israel as such, the State of Israel reserves its right to act toward such Member State in a reciprocal fashion.

98

Original: Arabic

For the Republic of Yemen:

The delegation of the Republic of Yemen, in signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), reserves for its Government the right to take any actions and measures it deems necessary to protect its interests should any Member State of the Union fail in any way to respect or to apply the provisions defined in the Radio Regulations and the Final Acts of WRC-23, or should any reservations or measures by any State, during or after the Conference, jeopardize in any way the telecommunication services of the Republic of Yemen.

99

Original: English

For Papua New Guinea:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea reserves for its Government the right to take any measures it might deem necessary to safeguard its interests if another Member State of the International Telecommunication Union in any way fails to respect the conditions specified in the Final Acts or if the reservations made by any Member State should be prejudicial to the operation of radiocommunication services in Papua New Guinea or its full sovereign rights.

The delegation of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea further declares that it reserves for its Government the right to make additional declarations or reservations at the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification for amendments to the Radio Regulations adopted at this World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023).

100

Original: English

For the Republic of India:

Having taken note of the declarations and reservations made at the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the Republic of India reserves for its Government, the right to enter additional reservations and declarations as well as amend its previous reservations and declarations prior to Ratification of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) of the International Telecommunication Union.

101

Original: English

For the United States of America:

The United States of America refers to declarations made by various Member States reserving their right to take such actions as they may consider necessary to safeguard their interests with respect to application of the provisions of the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) and any amendments thereto, the Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1995) and any amendments thereto, or the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023) and the annexes thereto. The United States reserves the right to take whatever measures it deems necessary to safeguard U.S. interests in response to such actions.

102

Original: Spanish

For Spain:

The delegation of Spain, on behalf of its Government, in the light of the reservations made to the Final Acts of this Conference, declares that the use of each and every one of the frequency bands provided for in the Radio Regulations by each and every country must be in compliance with the relevant provisions set forth in the said Regulations. Likewise, Spain reserves the right to take any measure it considers necessary, within the framework set by the ITU Constitution, Convention and Radio Regulations, to protect its legitimate interests.

103

Original: English

For Mongolia:

At the time of signing the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegations of Mongolia reserve for its Government the right to take any actions it may consider necessary to safeguard their interests should any Member State of the Union fail in any way to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts of this Conference, or should reservations made upon signing the Final Acts, or other measures taken by any Member State of the Union, jeopardize the normal operation of its telecommunication services.

104

Original: English

For the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea:

The delegation of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) hereby declares that it reserves for its Government the right to take any measures and actions it deems necessary to protect or safeguard its interests should any or other Member States fail to observe or comply with the provisions of the Radio Regulations, or should their failure, declarations and reservations jeopardize the legitimate rights and interests of using radio spectrum and satellite orbit resources by DPRK as well as proper operation of the radio and telecommunications services of DPRK.

105

Original: English

For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:

In response to declaration 15 entered by the Argentine Republic, the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland states that it has no doubt about its sovereignty over the Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and the surrounding maritime areas of these Territories, nor about the principle and the right of the Falkland Islanders of self-determination as enshrined in the United Nations Charter and in Article One of the two United Nations Covenants on Human Rights, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. This means there can be no dialogue on sovereignty unless the Falkland Islanders so wish.

106

Original: Russian

For the Russian Federation:

With reference to Declaration No. 2 made by the delegation of Georgia, the Russian Federation categorically disagrees with the accusations set forth therein. We recall that the actions of the Russian Federation were directed at countering the violent policies of Tbilisi towards the small peoples of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. In repelling the military aggression of Georgia, Russia guaranteed a peaceful future for these peoples as independent states.

In response to Declaration No. 12 of Ukraine, Declaration No. 13 of the European Union and supporting countries, and Declaration No. 49 of Switzerland, the delegation of the Russian Federation stresses that it is categorically against all attempts to politicize the work of ITU and its bodies with a pre-agreed agenda. The purposes of the Union are to maintain and extend international cooperation among all its Member States in the interests of the improvement and rational use of telecommunications of all kinds. Another aspect of the work of ITU is to provide technical assistance to developing countries and the dissemination of new technologies. Questions of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the Member States of the Union are not part of the ITU mandate.

In this connection the Russian Federation considers it inadmissible in this forum to characterize the situation in Ukraine as a “war”, to assign responsibility, and to qualify the actions of States as “acts of aggression”.

The delegation of the Russian Federation firmly rejects all accusations made by the delegation of Ukraine and other countries. It draws attention to the fact that the decisions to accept within the Russian Federation the people’s republics of Donetsk and Luhansk and the provinces of Zaporizhzhia and Kherson are founded on the expressions of the will of their peoples in the referendums of 23-27 September 2022. The inhabitants of these territories had the possibility to express their opinion in an independent and free manner, as confirmed by numerous observers, including international observers.

All of these actions were carried out in complete conformity with international law, especially the right of peoples to self-determination, which is anchored in the Charter of the United Nations, the 1970 Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, and many other instruments.

All rights and obligations concerning the provision of telecommunication services for the population of and facilities within the territory of the people’s republics of Donetsk and Luhansk and the provinces of Zaporizhzhia and Kherson have been transferred to the Russian Federation, including in regard to compliance with the provisions of the ITU Constitution and Convention and the ITU Radio Regulations. All attempts to contest this fact are baseless and meaningless. The same is the case for the republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, subjects of the Russian Federation, which became part of our country in 2014 in accordance with the outcome of referendums held in full compliance with applicable rules of international law.

The Russian Federation is acting in full compliance with Article 1 of the ITU Constitution in satisfying the needs and ensuring the availability of telecommunication/ICT resources for the inhabitants of the above-mentioned subjects.

The delegation of the Russian Federation reaffirms its commitment to Declaration No. 81 made by the Russian Federation during the 2022 Plenipotentiary Conference of ITU.

107

Original: French

For Burkina Faso:

In signing the Final Acts of the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from 20 November to 15 December 2023, the delegation of Burkina Faso reserves for its Government the sovereign right:

• 1. to take any measures and actions necessary to ensure the effective and efficient use of the radio-frequency spectrum on its territory, and to safeguard its national interests and rights should any member of the Union fail, in any way, to comply with the provisions of the Final Acts and jeopardize, directly or indirectly, ICT/telecommunication services or endanger national security and sovereignty;

• 2. to take any safeguard measures it considers necessary should the consequences of reservations entered by a member of the Union jeopardize the ICT/telecommunication services of Burkina Faso;

• 3. to enter additional reservations as necessary prior to ratification of the Final Acts.

108

Original: English

For the Federal Republic of Germany, Australia, Austria, Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, Canada, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Croatia, Denmark, the Republic of Estonia, the United States of America, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, the State of Israel, Japan, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Republic of Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Norway, New Zealand, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Poland, Portugal, the Republic of Türkiye, the Czech Republic, Romania, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Republic of Slovenia, Sweden, the Confederation of Switzerland and Ukraine:

The delegations of the above-mentioned States, referring to the declaration made by the Republic of Colombia (No. 30), inasmuch as this and any similar statements refer to the Bogota Declaration of 3 December 1976 made by equatorial countries and to the claims of those countries to exercise sovereign rights over segments of the geostationary-satellite orbit, or to any related claims, consider that the claims in question cannot be recognized by this Conference. The above-mentioned delegations also wish to state that reference in Article 44 of the Constitution to the “geographical situation of particular countries” does not imply recognition of a claim to any preferential rights to the geostationary-satellite orbit.

109

Original: English

For Spain, Greece, Italy and the Kingdom of Morocco:

Having taken note of Declaration 64 of Document 520, the delegations of Greece, Italy, Morocco (Kingdom of) and Spain, in view of the reservations expressed by the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria in relation to the opposition to add its country name in the footnotes 5.429A and 5.429B of the Radio Regulations, governing the allocation of the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz to the mobile service and its identification for International Mobile Telecommunications, would like to express their willingness to accommodate every country needs in relation to the use of the scarce resource of the radioelectric spectrum and respect the use of this resource in each country. The aforementioned countries have agreed to the proposed modifications, which allow for the inclusion of certain countries in the footnotes. This decision was made despite the original position of “No Change” expressed before the Conference, the only exception being the rejection of the request by Algeria and Tunisia. The rights of every country to accommodate their needs as well as the obligation of every country to not cause harmful interference to neighbouring countries are a fundamental basis for the Radio Regulations. The radiolocation services used in the mentioned band by the aforementioned countries are of high critical importance for their national needs and its continued operability is essential for security and defence purposes. In practice, a de facto geographical contiguity between all these countries, as well as the huge impact of IMT stations over the radiolocation service, increase the likelihood of interference events.

It is important to note that the radiolocation service is harmonized globally, having been allocated in the 3 300-3 400 MHz band for a significant period of time. This has resulted in consolidated use and a large legacy of deployed equipment. In contrast, the IMT application is associated with a non-harmonized band, where mobile allocation is limited to a national basis.

The delegations of the aforementioned countries declare that the use of each and every one of the frequency bands provided for in the Radio Regulations by each and every country must be in compliance with the relevant provisions set forth in the said Regulations and in the Constitution. In particular, No. 197 of the Constitution and No. 0.4 of Radio Regulations, which state that:

All stations, whatever their purpose, must be established and operated in such a manner as not to cause harmful interference to the radio services or communications of other Member States or of recognized operating agencies, or of other duly authorized operating agencies which carry on a radio service, and which operate in accordance with the provisions of the Radio Regulations.

110

Original: Chinese

For the People’s Republic of China:

The Xisha and Nansha Islands, as well as the other islands of the South China Sea, have always been part of China’s territory; the People’s Republic of China has indisputable sovereignty over these islands and the adjacent waters. The Chinese Government has repeatedly reiterated its position on the subject. Having noted the reservations expressed in Declaration No. 26, as contained in Document 520 of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Dubai, 2023), the delegation of the People’s Republic of China reaffirms this position and maintains the declaration it made at the Plenipotentiary Conference (Nairobi, 1982).

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D. PARLEMENT

De bepalingen van de gedeeltelijke herziening van het Radioreglement behoeven ingevolge artikel 7, onderdeel b, van de Rijkswet goedkeuring en bekendmaking verdragen niet de goedkeuring van de Staten-Generaal.

E. PARTIJGEGEVENS

Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden heeft op 15 december 2023 verklaringen afgelegd. De Engelse tekst van deze verklaringen luidt als volgt:

72

The Kingdom of the Netherlands declares that it maintains the declarations and reservations made by the Kingdom of the Netherlands when signing the Final Acts of previous treaty-making conferences of the Union as if they were made in full at this World Radiocommunication Conference.

80

The Kingdom of the Netherlands, for the European part of the Netherlands, declares that it will apply the revision of the Radio Regulations adopted at this Conference in accordance with its obligations under the Treaty on the European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.

108

The Kingdom of the Netherlands, referring to the declaration made by the Republic of Colombia (No. 30), inasmuch as this and any similar statements refer to the Bogotá Declaration of 3 December 1976 made by equatorial countries and to the claims of those countries to exercise sovereign rights over segments of the geostationary-satellite orbit, or to any related claims, considers that the claims in question cannot be recognized by this Conference. The Kingdom of the Netherlands also wishes to state that reference in Article 44 of the Constitution to the “geographical situation of particular countries” does not imply recognition of a claim to any preferential rights to the geostationary-satellite orbit.

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G. INWERKINGTREDING

De bepalingen van de gedeeltelijke herziening van het Radioreglement zullen, met in achtneming van artikel 59 van het Radioreglement, op 1 januari 2025 voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in werking treden.

Wat betreft het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, zal de gedeeltelijke herziening van het Radioreglement voor het gehele Koninkrijk gelden.

Uitgegeven de vijfentwintigste oktober 2024.

De Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken, C.C.J. VELDKAMP

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1) De Arabische, de Chinese, de Franse, de Russische en de Spaanse tekst zijn niet opgenomen. De bij de Slotakten behorende bijlagen, aanbevelingen en resoluties zijn niet opgenomen. Deze liggen ter inzage bij de Directie Digitale Economie van het Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat.

Verklarende noot: De volgende symbolen zijn gebruikt om per geval de aard van de herziening aan te geven:

ADD = toevoeging van een nieuwe bepaling

MOD = wijziging van een bestaande bepaling

SUP = schrapping van een bestaande bepaling.

2) Het voor eensluidend gewaarmerkt afschrift is nog niet ontvangen. In de tekst kunnen derhalve onjuistheden voorkomen die in een volgend Tractatenblad zullen worden gecorrigeerd.

1) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

2) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

3) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

4) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

5) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

6) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

7) The use by Palestine of the allocation to the mobile service in the frequency band 1 452-1 492 MHz identified for IMT is noted, pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

8) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

9) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

10) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

11) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

12) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

13) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

14) Pursuant to Resolution 99 (Rev. Dubai, 2018) of the Plenipotentiary Conference and taking into account the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement of 28 September 1995.

15) Where N_v is determined as follows: N_v = Max(N_v (j = 0,1,2...)) with N_v (j) = Max(N_v (j(t)), N_v (j(t − 1))), where N_v (j(t)) represents all visible satellites (with elevation ≥ 0 degrees) at each time-step (t) on any point on the surface of the Earth (j).

1) Note by the Secretary-General – The texts of the final protocol are shown in the chronological order of their deposit.

In the table of contents, these texts are grouped in the alphabetical order of the names of the Member States which made them.