Tractatenblad 2021, 11

66 (1989) Nr. 27

A. TITEL

Overeenkomst ter bestrijding van doping (met Bijlage);

Straatsburg, 16 november 1989

Voor een overzicht van de verdragsgegevens, zie verdragsnummer 003898 in de Verdragenbank.

B. TEKST

De Commissie van Toezicht heeft op 7 december 2020, op grond van artikel 11, eerste lid, onder b, van de Overeenkomst, een wijziging van de Bijlage aangenomen. De Engelse tekst¹ van de wijziging luidt als volgt:

The 2021 Prohibited List

– World Anti-Doping Code

Date of entry into force: 1 january 2021

Introduction

The Prohibited List is a mandatory International Standard as part of the World Anti-Doping Program.

The List is updated annually following an extensive consultation process facilitated by WADA. The effective date of the List is 01 January 2021.

The official text of the Prohibited List shall be maintained by WADA and shall be published in English and French. In the event of any conflict between the English and French versions, the English version shall prevail.

Below are some terms used in this List of Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods.

Prohibited In-Competition

Subject to a different period having been approved by WADA for a given sport, the In-Competition period shall in principle be the period commencing just before midnight (at 11:59 p.m.) on the day before a Competition in which the Athlete is scheduled to participate until the end of the Competition and the Sample collection process.

Prohibited at all times

This means that the substance or method is prohibited In- and Out-of-Competition as defined in the Code.

Specified and non-Specified

As per Article 4.2.2 of the World Anti-Doping Code, “for purposes of the application of Article 10, all Prohibited Substances shall be Specified Substances except as identified on the Prohibited List. No Prohibited Method shall be a Specified Method unless it is specifically identified as a Specified Method on the Prohibited List”. As per the comment to the article, “the Specified Substances and Methods identified in Article 4.2.2 should not in any way be considered less important or less dangerous than other doping substances or methods. Rather, they are simply substances and methods which are more likely to have been consumed or used by an Athlete for a purpose other than the enhancement of sport performance.”

Substances of Abuse

Pursuant to Article 4.2.3 of the Code, Substances of Abuse are substances that are identified as such because they are frequently abused in society outside of the context of sport. The following are designated Substances of Abuse: cocaine, diamorphine (heroin), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA/”ecstasy”), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

S0. NON-APPROVED SUBSTANCES

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances

Any pharmacological substance which is not addressed by any of the subsequent sections of the List and with no current approval by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use (e.g. drugs under pre- clinical or clinical development or discontinued, designer drugs, substances approved only for veterinary use) is prohibited at all times.

S1. ANABOLIC AGENTS

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

All prohibited substances in this class are non-Specified Substances

Anabolic agents are prohibited.

• 1. ANABOLIC ANDROGENIC STEROIDS (AAS)

  When administered exogenously, including but not limited to:

  1-Androstenediol (5α-androst-1-ene-3β,17β-diol)

  1-Androstenedione (5α-androst-1-ene-3,17-dione)

  1-Androsterone (3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-ene-17-one)

  1-Epiandrosterone (3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-ene-17-one)

  1-Testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-one)

  4-Androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol);

  4-Hydroxytestosterone (4,17β-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3one)

  5-Androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17-dione)

  7α-hydroxy-DHEA

  7β-hydroxy-DHEA 7-Keto-DHEA

  19-Norandrostenediol (estr-4-ene-3,17-diol)

  19-Norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17-dione)

  Androstanolone (5α-dihydrotestosterone, 17β-hydroxy-5αandrostan-3-one)

  Androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol)

  Androstenedione (androst-4-ene-3,17-dione)

  Bolasterone

  Boldenone

  Boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione)

  Calusterone

  Clostebol

  Danazol ([1,2]oxazolo[4’,5’:2,3]pregna-4-en-20-yn-17α-ol)

  Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one)

  Desoxymethyltestosterone (17α-methyl-5α-androst-2-en-17β-ol)

  Drostanolone

  Epiandrosterone (3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one)

  Epi-dihydrotestosterone (17β-hydroxy-5β-androstan-3one)

  Epitestosterone

  Ethylestrenol (19-norpregna-4-en-17α-ol) Fluoxymesterone

  Formebolone

  Furazabol (17α-methyl[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3’,4’:2,3]-5α-androstan-17β-ol)

  Gestrinone

  Mestanolone

  Mesterolone

  Metandienone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one)

  Metenolone

  Methandriol

  Methasterone (17β-hydroxy-2α,17α-dimethyl-5α-androstan-3-one)

  Methyl-1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-1-en-3-one)

  Methylclostebol

  Methyldienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9-dien-3-one)

  Methylnortestosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestr-4-en-3-one)

  Methyltestosterone

  Metribolone (methyltrienolone, 17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one)

  Mibolerone

  Nandrolone (19-nortestosterone)

  Norboletone

  Norclostebol (4-chloro-17β-ol-estr-4-en-3-one)

  Norethandrolone

  Oxabolone

  Oxandrolone

  Oxymesterone

  Oxymetholone

  Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA, 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one)

  Prostanozol (17β-[(tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy]-1’H-pyrazolo[3,4:2,3]-5α-androstane)

  Quinbolone

  Stanozolol

  Stenbolone

  Testosterone

  Tetrahydrogestrinone (17-hydroxy-18a-homo-19-nor-17α-pregna-4,9,11-trien-3-one)

  Trenbolone (17β-hydroxyestr-4,9,11-trien-3-one)

  and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

• 2. OTHER ANABOLIC AGENTS

  Including, but not limited to:

  Clenbuterol, selective androgen receptor modulators [SARMs, e.g. andarine, LGD-4033 (ligandrol), enobosarm (ostarine) and RAD140], tibolone, zeranol and zilpaterol.

S2. PEPTIDE HORMONES, GROWTH FACTORS, RELATED SUBSTANCES, AND MIMETICS

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

All prohibited substances in this class are non-Specified Substances

The following substances, and other substances with similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s), are prohibited:

• 1. ERYTHROPOIETINS (EPO) AND AGENTS AFFECTING ERYTHROPOIESIS

  Including, but not limited to:

  • 1.1 Erythropoietin-receptor agonists, e.g. darbepoietin (dEPO)

    erythropoietins (EPO)

    EPO based constructs [e.g. EPO-Fc, methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (CERA)]

    EPO-mimetic agents and their constructs (e.g. CNTO 530, peginesatide).

  • 1.2 Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activating agents, e.g.

    cobalt

    daprodustat (GSK1278863)

    molidustat (BAY 85-3934)

    roxadustat (FG-4592)

    vadadustat (AKB-6548)

    xenon

  • 1.3 GATA inhibitors, e.g. K-11706.

  • 1.4 Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling inhibitors, e.g. luspatercept; sotatercept.

  • 1.5 Innate repair receptor agonists, e.g. asialo EPO; carbamylated EPO (CEPO).

• 2. PEPTIDE HORMONES AND THEIR RELEASING FACTORS

  • 2.1 Chorionic gonadotrophin (CG) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and their releasing factors in males, e.g. buserelin, deslorelin, gonadorelin, goserelin, leuprorelin, nafarelin and triptorelin.

  • 2.2 Corticotrophins and their releasing factors, e.g. corticorelin.

  • 2.3 Growth hormone (GH), its fragments and releasing factors, including, but not limited to:

    growth hormone fragments, e.g. AOD-9604 and hGH 176-191; growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its analogues, e.g. CJC-1293, CJC-1295, sermorelin and tesamorelin; growth hormone secretagogues (GHS), e.g. lenomorelin (ghrelin) and its mimetics, e.g. anamorelin, ipamorelin, macimorelin and tabimorelin; GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs), e.g. alexamorelin, GHRP-1, GHRP-2 (pralmorelin), GHRP-3, GHRP-4, GHRP-5, GHRP-6, and examorelin (hexarelin).

3. GROWTH FACTORS AND GROWTH FACTOR MODULATORS

Including, but not limited to:

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its analogues

Mechano growth factors (MGFs) Platelet-Derived growth factor (PDGF) Thymosin-β4 and its derivatives e.g. TB-500

Vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

and other growth factors or growth factors modulators affecting muscle, tendon or ligament protein synthesis/degradation, vascularisation, energy utilisation, regenerative capacity or fibre type switching.

S3. BETA-2 AGONISTS

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances

All selective and non-selective beta-2 agonists, including all optical isomers, are prohibited.

Including, but not limited to:

Arformoterol

Fenoterol

Formoterol

Higenamine

Indacaterol

Levosalbutamol

Olodaterol

Procaterol

Reproterol

Salbutamol

Salmeterol

Terbutaline

Tretoquinol (trimetoquinol)

Tulobuterol

Vilanterol

Exceptions

• Inhaled salbutamol: maximum 1600 micrograms over 24 hours in divided doses not to exceed 800 micrograms over 12 hours starting from any dose;

• Inhaled formoterol: maximum delivered dose 54 micrograms over 24 hours;

• Inhaled salmeterol: maximum 200 micrograms over 24 hours.

• Inhaled vilanterol: maximum 25 micrograms over 24 hours.

Note

The presence in urine of salbutamol in excess of 1000 ng/mL or formoterol in excess of 40 ng/mL is not consistent with therapeutic use of the substance and will be considered as an Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) unless the Athlete proves, through a controlled pharmacokinetic study, that the abnormal result was the consequence of a therapeutic dose (by inhalation) up to the maximum dose indicated above.

S4. HORMONE AND METABOLIC MODULATORS

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

Prohibited substances in classes S4.1 and S4.2 are Specified Substances. Those in classes S4.3 and S4.4 are non-Specified Substances.

The following hormone and metabolic modulators are prohibited:

• 1. AROMATASE INHIBITORS

  Including, but not limited to:

  2-Androstenol (5α-androst-2-en-17-ol)

  2-Androstenone (5α-androst-2-en-17-one)

  3-Androstenol (5α-androst-3-en-17-ol)

  3-Androstenone (5α-androst-3-en-17-one)

  4-Androstene-3,6,17 trione (6-oxo) Aminoglutethimide

  Anastrozole

  Androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione (androstatrienedione)

  Androsta-3,5-diene-7,17-dione (arimistane) Exemestane

  Formestane

  Letrozole

  Testolactone

• 2. ANTI-ESTROGENIC SUBSTANCES [ANTI-ESTROGENS AND SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SERMS)]

  Including, but not limited to:

  Bazedoxifene

  Clomifene

  Cyclofenil

  Fulvestrant

  Ospemifene

  Raloxifene

  Tamoxifen

  Toremifene

• 3. AGENTS PREVENTING ACTIVIN RECEPTOR IIB ACTIVATION

  Including, but not limited, to:

  Activin A-neutralising antibodies;

  Activin receptor IIB competitors such as: Decoy activin receptors (e.g. ACE-031);

  Anti-activin receptor IIB antibodies (e.g. bimagrumab);

  Myostatin inhibitors such as:

  Agents reducing or ablating myostatin expression

  Myostatin-binding proteins (e.g. follistatin, myostatin propeptide)

  Myostatin-neutralising antibodies (e.g. domagrozumab, landogrozumab, stamulumab)

• 4. METABOLIC MODULATORS

  • 4.1 Activators of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), e.g. AICAR, SR9009;

    and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor δ (PPARδ) agonists, e.g. 2-(2-methyl-4-((4-methyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiazol-5-yl)methylthio)phenoxy) acetic acid (GW1516, GW501516)

  • 4.2 Insulins and insulin-mimetics

  • 4.3 Meldonium

  • 4.4 Trimetazidine

S5. DIURETICS AND MASKING AGENTS

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances

The following diuretics and masking agents are prohibited, as are other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

Including, but not limited to:

• Desmopressin; probenecid; plasma expanders, e.g. intravenous administration of albumin, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch and mannitol.

• Acetazolamide; amiloride; bumetanide; canrenone; chlortalidone; etacrynic acid; furosemide; indapamide; metolazone; spironolactone; thiazides, e.g. bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide; and hydrochlorothiazide; triamterene and vaptans, e.g. tolvaptan.

Exceptions

• Drospirenone; pamabrom; and ophtalmic use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g. dorzolamide, brinzolamide).

• Local administration of felypressin in dental anaesthesia.

Note

The detection in an Athlete’s Sample at all times or In-Competition, as applicable, of any quantity of the following substances subject to threshold limits: formoterol, salbutamol, cathine, ephedrine, methylephedrine and pseudoephedrine, in conjunction with a diuretic or masking agent, will be considered as an Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) unless the Athlete has an approved Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) for that substance in addition to the one granted for the diuretic or masking agent.

PROHIBITED METHODS

PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES

(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

All prohibited methods in this class are non-Specified except methods in M2.2. which are Specified Methods.

M1. MANIPULATION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS

The following are prohibited:

• 1. The Administration or reintroduction of any quantity of autologous, allogenic (homologous) or heterologous blood, or red blood cell products of any origin into the circulatory system.

• 2. Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen.

  Including, but not limited to: Perfluorochemicals; efaproxiral (RSR13) and modified haemoglobin products, e.g. haemoglobin-based blood substitutes and microencapsulated haemoglobin products, excluding supplemental oxygen by inhalation.

• 3. Any form of intravascular manipulation of the blood or blood components by physical or chemical means.

M2. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MANIPULATION

The following are prohibited:

• 1. Tampering, or Attempting to Tamper, to alter the integrity and validity of Samples collected during Doping Control.

  Including, but not limited to:

  Sample substitution and/or adulteration, e.g. addition of proteases to Samples.

• 2. Intravenous infusions and/or injections of more than a total of 100 mL per 12-hour period except for those legitimately received in the course of hospital treatments, surgical procedures or clinical diagnostic investigations.

M3. GENE AND CELL DOPING

The following, with the potential to enhance sport performance, are prohibited:

• 1. The use of nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogues that may alter genome sequences and/or alter gene expression by any mechanism. This includes but is not limited to gene editing, gene silencing and gene transfer technology.

• 2. The use of normal or genetically modified cells.

S6. STIMULANTS

PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances except those in S6.A, which are non-Specified Substances.

Substances of Abuse in this section: cocaine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA /“ecstasy”)

All stimulants, including all optical isomers, e.g. d- and l- where relevant, are prohibited.

Stimulants include:

• A: NON-SPECIFIED STIMULANTS

  Adrafinil

  Amfepramone

  Amfetamine

  Amfetaminil

  Amiphenazole

  Benfluorex

  Benzylpiperazine

  Bromantan

  Clobenzorex

  Cocaine

  Cropropamide

  Crotetamide

  Fencamine

  Fenetylline

  Fenfluramine

  Fenproporex

  Fonturacetam [4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon)]

  Furfenorex

  Lisdexamfetamine

  Mefenorex

  Mephentermine

  Mesocarb

  Metamfetamine(d-)

  p-methylamphetamine

  Modafinil

  Norfenfluramine

  Phendimetrazine

  Phentermine

  Prenylamine

  Prolintane

  A stimulant not expressly listed in this section is a Specified Substance.

• B: SPECIFIED STIMULANTS

  Including, but not limited to:

  3-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,2-dimethylpentylamine)

  4-Methylhexan-2-amine (methylhexaneamine)

  4-Methylpentan-2-amine (1,3-dimethylbutylamine)

  5-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,4-dimethylpentylamine)

  Benzfetamine

  Cathine²

  Cathinone and its analogues, e.g. mephedrone, methedrone, and α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone

  Dimetamfetamine (dimethylamphetamine)

  Ephedrine³

  Epinephrine⁴ (adrenaline)

  Etamivan

  Etilamfetamine

  Etilefrine

  Famprofazone

  Fenbutrazate

  Fencamfamin

  Heptaminol

  Hydroxyamfetamine (parahydroxyamphetamine)

  Isometheptene

  Levmetamfetamine

  Meclofenoxate

  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

  Methylephedrine⁵

  Methylphenidate

  Nikethamide

  Norfenefrine

  Octodrine (1,5-dimethylhexylamine)

  Octopamine

  Oxilofrine (methylsynephrine)

  Pemoline

  Pentetrazol

  Phenethylamine and its derivatives

  Phenmetrazine

  Phenpromethamine

  Propylhexedrine

  Pseudoephedrine⁶

  Selegiline

  Sibutramine

  Strychnine

  Tenamfetamine (methylenedioxyamphetamine)

  Tuaminoheptane

  and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

Exceptions

• Clonidine;

• Imidazole derivatives for dermatological, nasal or ophthalmic use and those

  stimulants included in the 2021 Monitoring Program⁷.

S7. NARCOTICS

PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances.

Substance of Abuse in this section: diamorphine (heroin)

The following narcotics, including all optical isomers, e.g. d- and l- where relevant, are prohibited.

Buprenorphine

Dextromoramide

Diamorphine (heroin)

Fentanyl and its derivatives

Hydromorphone

Methadone

Morphine

Nicomorphine

Oxycodone

Oxymorphone

Pentazocine

Pethidine

S8. CANNABINOIDS

PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances.

Substance of Abuse in this section: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

All natural and synthetic cannabinoids are prohibited, e.g.:

• In cannabis (hashish, marijuana) and cannabis products

• Natural and synthetic tetrahydrocannabinols (THCs)

• Synthetic cannabinoids that mimic the effects of THC

Exceptions

• Cannabidiol.

S9. GLUCOCORTICOIDS

PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances.

All glucocorticoids are prohibited when administered by oral, intravenous, intramuscular or rectal routes.

Including but not limited to:

Beclometasone

Betamethasone

Budesonide

Ciclesonide

Cortisone

Deflazacort

Dexamethasone

Flucortolone

Flunisolide

Fluticasone

Hydrocortisone

Methylprednisolone

Mometasone

Prednisolone

Prednisone

Triamcinolone acetonide

P1. BETA-BLOCKERS

PROHIBITED IN PARTICULAR SPORTS

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances

Beta-blockers are prohibited In-Competition only, in the following sports, and also prohibited Out-of-Competition where indicated (*).

• Archery (WA)⁸

• Automobile (FIA)

• Billiards (all disciplines) (WCBS)

• Darts (WDF)

• Golf (IGF)

• Shooting (ISSF, IPC) ⁹

• Skiing/Snowboarding (FIS) in ski jumping, freestyle aerials/halfpipe and snowboard halfpipe/big air

• Underwater sports (CMAS) in constant-weight apnoea with or without fins, dynamic apnoea with and without fins, free immersion apnoea, Jump Blue apnoea, spearfishing, static apnoea, target shooting, and variable weight apnoea.

Including but not limited to:

Acebutolol

Alprenolol

Atenolol

Betaxolo;

Bisoprolol

Bunolol

Carteolol

Carvedilol

Celiprolol

Esmolol

Labetalol

Metipranolo;

Metoprolol

Nadolol

Nebivolol

Oxprenolol

Pindolol

Propranolol

Sotalol

Timolol

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G. INWERKINGTREDING

De wijziging van 7 december 2020 van de Bijlage bij de Overeenkomst is op 1 januari 2021 in werking getreden voor alle partijen bij de Overeenkomst, waaronder het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden.

Wat betreft het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, geldt de wijziging van de Bijlage, evenals de Overeenkomst, voor Nederland (het Europese deel en het Caribische deel), Curaçao en Sint Maarten.

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In overeenstemming met artikel 19, tweede lid, van de Rijkswet goedkeuring en bekendmaking verdragen heeft de Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken bepaald dat de wijziging van 7 december 2020 van de Bijlage bij de Overeenkomst zal zijn bekendgemaakt in Nederland (het Europese deel en het Caribische deel), Curaçao en Sint Maarten op de dag na de datum van uitgifte van dit Tractatenblad.

Uitgegeven de negentiende januari 2021.

De Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken, S.A. BLOK

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1 De Franse tekst is niet opgenomen.

2 Cathine: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 5 micrograms per milliliter.

3 Ephedrine and methylephedrine: Prohibited when the concentration of either in urine is greater than 10 micrograms per milliliter.

4 Epinephrine (adrenaline): Not prohibited in local administration, e.g. nasal, ophthalmologic, or co-administration with local anaesthetic agents.

5 Ephedrine and methylephedrine: Prohibited when the concentration of either in urine is greater than 10 micrograms per milliliter.

6 Pseudoephedrine: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 150 micrograms per milliliter.

7 Bupropion, caffeine, nicotine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pipradrol, and synephrine: These substances are included in the 2021 Monitoring Program, and are not considered Prohibited Substances.

8 Also prohibited Out-of-Competition

9 Also prohibited Out-of-Competition